한스 요나스 사유의 관계존재론적 함의

Abstract

This paper aims to examine the relationship between Hans Jonas’s thought and relational ontology, which constitutes a central axis of contemporary ontological discourse. In the face of the ecological crisis driven by technological power and the advent of a digitally hyper-connected era, a post-metaphysical relational ontology has emerged as a major topic of discussion, replacing metaphysical substance ontology. The guiding question of this paper is as follows: “Can Jonas’s thought be characterized as a relational ontology?” This question arises because Jonas’s thought, on the one hand, displays certain affinities with relational ontology, while on the other hand it exhibits clear differences from it. Moreover, Jonas’s thought stands at the boundary between a “substance-centered ontology” and a “relationcentered ontology,” while in many respects encompassing elements of both. His “ecological ontology,” which forms the foundation of his thought, may be regarded as bridging the gap between these two orientations. Starting from this guiding question, Section 2 investigates how Jonas appropriates and critically inherits Heidegger’s ontology in order to construct a new ecological ontology. Section 3 then identifies the homologies between relational ontology and Jonas’s philosophy of life. Section 4 examines the relationalontological implications and distinctive features of Jonas’s ethics of responsibility. Jonas’s thought does not sever ties with traditional Western metaphysical themes such as teleology, anthropomorphism, and integral monism. By exploring how he receives and reinterprets these themes, Section 5 delineates the differences between his ecological ontology and contemporary relational ontology. Finally, Section 6 seeks to clarify the ontological status of Jonas’s thought within the horizon and context of contemporary relational ontology.