Exploring cognitive trajectories and their association with physical performance: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
OBJECTIVES: The long-term trends of cognitive function and its associations with physical performance remain unclear, particularly in Asian populations. The study objectives were to determine cognitive trajectories in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals, as well as to examine differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. METHODS: Data were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 5,701 participants (47.7% male) with a mean age of 57.8 (standard deviation, 8.4) years at enrollment were included. A group-based trajectory model was used to identify cognitive trajectory groups for each sex. Grip strength, repeated chair stand, and standing balance tests were used to evaluate physical performance. An ordered logistic regression model was employed to analyze differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. RESULTS: Three cognitive trajectory groups were identified for each sex: low, middle, and high. For both sexes, higher cognitive trajectory groups exhibited smaller declines with age. In the fully adjusted model, relative to the low trajectory group, the odds ratios (ORs) of better physical performance in the middle cognitive group were 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17 to 1.59; p<0.001) during follow-up and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.64; p<0.001) at the endpoint. The ORs in the high trajectory group were 1.94 (95% CI, 1.61 to 2.32; p<0.001) during follow-up and 2.04 (95% CI, 1.69 to 2.45; p<0.001) at the endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive function was better preserved in male participants and individuals with higher baseline cognitive function. A higher cognitive trajectory was associated with better physical performance over time.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The long-term trends of cognitive function and its associations with physical performance remain unclear, particularly in Asian populations. The study objectives were to determine cognitive trajectories in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals, as well as to examine differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. METHODS: Data were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 5,701 participants (47.7% male) with a mean age of 57.8 (standard deviation, 8.4) years at enrollment were included. A group-based trajectory model was used to identify cognitive trajectory groups for each sex. Grip strength, repeated chair stand, and standing balance tests were used to evaluate physical performance. An ordered logistic regression model was employed to analyze differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. RESULTS: Three cognitive trajectory groups were identified for each sex: low, middle, and high. For both sexes, higher cognitive trajectory groups exhibited smaller declines with age. In the fully adjusted model, relative to the low trajectory group, the odds ratios (ORs) of better physical performance in the middle cognitive group were 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17 to 1.59; p<0.001) during follow-up and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.64; p<0.001) at the endpoint. The ORs in the high trajectory group were 1.94 (95% CI, 1.61 to 2.32; p<0.001) during follow-up and 2.04 (95% CI, 1.69 to 2.45; p<0.001) at the endpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive function was better preserved in male participants and individuals with higher baseline cognitive function. A higher cognitive trajectory was associated with better physical performance over time.
참고문헌 (44)
- "Statistical Communiqué of the People’s Republic of China on the 2018 national economic and social development" (2019)[URL]
- "World population prospects: the 2012 revision"[URL]
- Fouweather T, "Comparison of socio-economic indicators explaining inequalities in Healthy Life Years at age 50 in Europe : 2005 and 2010", Eur J Public Health, 25, pp.978~983 (2015)
- Calder PC, "A holistic approach to healthy ageing: how can people live longer, healthier lives?", J Hum Nutr Diet, 31, pp.439~450 (2018)
- Guralnik JM, "Lower-extremity function in persons over the age of 70 years as a predictor of subsequent disability", N Engl J Med, 332, pp.556~561 (1995)
- Nofuji Y, "Associations of walking speed, grip strength, and standing balance with total and cause-specific mortality in a general population of Japanese elders", J Am Med Dir Assoc, 17, pp.184.e1~184.e7 (2016)
- Ganasarajah S, "Objective measures of physical performance associated with depression and", or anxiety in midlife Singaporean women, 2019, pp.26, 1045~1051
- Lauretani F, "Short-Physical Performance Battery(SPPB)score is associated with falls in older outpatients", Aging Clin Exp Res, 31, pp.1435~1442 (2019)
- Smith G, "Associations between frailty, physical performance, and renal biomarkers in older people with advanced chronic kidney disease", Eur Geriatr Med, 12, pp.943~952 (2021)
- Negm AM, "The short performance physical battery is associated with one-year emergency department visits and hospitalization", Can J Aging, 38, pp.507~511 (2019)
- Sanford AM, "Mild cognitive impairment", Clin Geriatr Med, 33, pp.325~337 (2017)
- Wu MS, "Socio-demographic and health-related factors associated with cognitive impairment in the elderly in Taiwan", BMC Public Health, 11, pp.22~ (2011)
- Ferri CP, "Global prevalence of dementia : a Delphi consensus study", Lancet, 366, pp.2112~2117 (2005)
- Small BJ, "Longitudinal trajectories of cognitive change in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease : a growth mixture modeling analysis", Cortex, 43, pp.826~834 (2007)
- O’Keefe JA, "Cognitive function impacts gait, functional mobility and falls in fragile X-associated tremor", ataxia syndrome, 2018, pp.66, 288~293
- Meunier CC, "Balance and cognitive decline in older adults in the cardiovascular health study", Age Ageing, 50, pp.1342~1348 (2021)
- Sui SX, "Skeletal muscle health and cognitive function : a narrative review", Int J Mol Sci, 22, pp.255~ (2020)
- Donoghue O, "Baseline mobility is not associated with decline in cognitive function in healthy community-dwelling older adults : findings from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing(TILDA)", Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 26, pp.438~448 (2018)
- Zhao Y, "Cohort profile : the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)", Int J Epidemiol, 43, pp.61~68 (2014)
- Zuo M, "Physical predictors of cognitive function in individuals with hypertension : evidence from the CHARLS basline survey", West J Nurs Res, 41, pp.592~614 (2019)
- Millor N, "An evaluation of the 30-s chair stand test in older adults : frailty detection based on kinematic parameters from a single inertial unit", J Neuroeng Rehabil, 10, pp.86~ (2013)
- Guralnik JM, "A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function : association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission", J Gerontol, 49, pp.M85~M94 (1994)
- Lei X, "Gender differences in cognition in China and reasons for change over time : evidence from CHARLS", J Econ Ageing, 4, pp.46~55 (2014)
- Luo Y, "Productive activities and cognitive decline among older adults in China : evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study", Soc Sci Med, 229, pp.96~105 (2019)
- National Bureau of Statistics, "China statistical yearbook 2021" (2021), China Statistics Press
- Jones BL, "A note on a Stata plugin for estimating group-based trajectory models", Sociol Methods Res, 42, pp.608~613 (2013)
- Zhang T, "Comparative epidemiological investigation of Alzheimer’s disease and colorectal cancer : the possible role of gastrointestinal conditions in the pathogenesis of AD", Front Aging Neurosci, 10, pp.176~ (2018)
- Tolea MI, "Longitudinal associations between physical and cognitive performance among community-dwelling older adults", PLoS One, 10, pp.e0122878~ (2015)
- Pedersen MM, "Mild cognitive impairment status and mobility performance : an analysis from the Boston RISE study", J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 69, pp.1511~1518 (2014)
- Downer B, "A longitudinal study of cognitive trajectories in Mexican Americans age 75 and older", Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 32, pp.1122~1130 (2017)
- Han L, "Cognitive aging trajectories and burdens of disability, hospitalization and nursing home admission among community-living older persons", J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 71, pp.766~771 (2016)
- Kim G, "Body mass index and trajectories of cognitive decline among older Korean adults", Aging Ment Health, 24, pp.758~764 (2020)
- McCarrey AC, "Sex differences in cognitive trajectories in clinically normal older adults", Psychol Aging, 31, pp.166~175 (2016)
- Proust-Lima C, "Sensitivity of four psychometric tests to measure cognitive changes in brain aging-population-based studies", Am J Epidemiol, 165, pp.344~350 (2007)
- Finkel D, "Surprising lack of sex differences in normal cognitive aging in twins", Int J Aging Hum Dev, 62, pp.335~357 (2006)
- Ferreira L, "Rate of cognitive decline in relation to sex after 60 years-of-age : a systematic review", Geriatr Gerontol Int, 14, pp.23~31 (2014)
- Inzitari M, "Impaired attention predicts motor performance decline in older community-dwellers with normal baseline mobility : results from the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging(ILSA)", J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 62, pp.837~843 (2007)
- Alfaro-Acha A, "Does 8-foot walk time predict cognitive decline in older Mexicans Americans?", J Am Geriatr Soc, 55, pp.245~251 (2007)
- Verghese J, "Quantitative gait dysfunction and risk of cognitive decline and dementia", J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 78, pp.929~935 (2007)
- Atkinson HH, "Predictors of combined cognitive and physical decline", J Am Geriatr Soc, 53, pp.1197~1202 (2005)
- Pedersen BK, "Muscle-derived interleukin-6--a possible link between skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, liver, and brain", Brain Behav Immun, 19, pp.371~376 (2005)
- Xu H, "The impact of residential status on cognitive decline among older adults in China : results from a longitudinal study", BMC Geriatr, 17, pp.107~ (2017)
- Tang HD, "Prevalence and risk factor of cognitive impairment were different between urban and rural population : a community-based study", J Alzheimers Dis, 49, pp.917~925 (2016)
- Saenz JL, "Cognition and context : rural-urban differences in cognitive aging among older Mexican adults", J Aging Health, 30, pp.965~986 (2018)