조선후기 실학의 유토피아 사상* - 반계 유형원을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to search for the Utopian thought of the Silhak in the Joseon Dynasty's the latter period focused on Ban'gye Yu Hyŏngwŏn’s the theory of the ideal society. The Utopian thought pursues human ideals, while the Silhak in the Joseon Dynasty's the latter period is based on reality. Therefore it seems that both of them have opposite meanings. The realistic schools's reform object is the realistic problems, but their ultimate purpose is the ideals. The Utopia pursuits the ideals over the real world, but it cannot help basing the reality. Therefore the ideal reality and the realistic ideals, the Silhak and the Utopia superficially seems to conflict each other, but both essentially haver a deep relationship. Ban'gye Yu Hyŏngwŏn is the originator of Silhak. He has a great deal of influence to the realistic school in the Joseon Dynasty's the latter period. He formulates a plan of reconstructing society based on reason-based understanding of real world. His reform plans are the community of land, the reform of social standing, and the reform of the old state examination during the Chosŏn Dynasty. His land reform is based on Chinese ancient times, and impressively reformative. It is not easy to be a reality at that time, because it’s too ideal. His reconstruction nation takes concrete shape by the after realistic school in the Joseon Dynasty's the latter period. Moreover, His thoughts has an effect on reform plans of nation and society up to date.