주구점 윗굴(산정동)의 아래틈굴 : 자연 함정인가?
The Lower Recess from Zhoukoudian Upper Cave: A natural trap?
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초록
북경 주구점 동굴군은 갱신세시기의 동아시아에서 가장 중요한 사람화석들이 발견 된 곳이다. 이 가운데 가장 잘 알려진 곳이 주구점 1지점과 윗굴(산정동) 지점이고 이 윗굴이 이글의 주된 대상이다. 윗굴은 입구, 윗방, 아랫방, 아래틈굴로 구분된다. 배문중은 일지기 이 아래틈굴을 옛사람들이 자연함정으로 사용하였을 것으로 해석하였다. 이곳에서 출토된 동물화석에 대한 화석환경학적인 해석의 결과는 여러 가지로 위의 배문중의 해석이 옳다는 것을 밝혀주고 있다. 최근 알게된 청원 두루봉 동굴도 매우 흥미롭고 중요한 유적으로 생각되어진다. 이 두유적을 상호 비교하여 분석하면 더 좋은 결과가 기대된다. 단 기존의 아프리카 중심으로 이루어진 “뼈의 닳은 정도” 등의 연구결과를 그대로 동아시아의 연구에 쓰기보다는 새로운 파라다임을 구성하여 분석하는 것이 더욱 바람직 할 것으로 여겨진다.
Abstract
The Zhoukoudian Cave Complex has produced the most significant group of Pleistocene hominin fossils in East Asia. The two best known localities from Zhoukoudian are Locality 1 and Upper Cave. The latter cave is the focus of this paper. Zhoukoudian Upper Cave is divided into an Entrance, Upper Room, Lower Room, and Lower Recess. The Lower Recess was originally interpreted to have served as a natural trap by Pei Wenchung. This taphonomic analysis of the macromammal remainsindicates that multiple lines of evidence exist to support the original interpretation.
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