소뇌질환의 신경생리학적 특성과 운동기능 장애
Dysfunction of Movement and Pathophysiology to Cerebellar Disease
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초록
소뇌는 운동제어를 관여하는 뇌의 주요 부분 중 하나로서 움직임 조직화와 실행에서의 협응, 근긴장, 균형과 운동기술 학습에 관여하고 있다. 국외에서는 다양한 임상적 및 운동학적 연구를 바탕으로 관련 자료를 체계적으로 업데이트 및 고찰하여 신진연구자 및 관련 연구자들에게 최신 정보를 제공하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 아직 운동학적 관점에서 소뇌가 인간의 동작 생성과 수행에 어떻게 작용하는지에 관해 체계적으로 정리된 자료가 미흡한 실정이다. 이 논문에서는 소뇌의 해부학적 기능에 대해서 알아보고, 그동안 수행된 관련연구들을 토대로 운동행동에 대한 신경생리학적 기전과 운동학적 특성을 고찰하였다. 구체적으로 소뇌질환의 병리생리학적 특성에 대해 기술하였으며, 소뇌질환 환자들이 동작을 수행하는 동안 특징적으로 나타나는 사지 움직임과 협응, 보행과 자세균형, 그리고 고유 및 운동감각 정보를 통한 움직임의 생성과 적응과 관련된 운동기능 장애에 대해 논하였다. 소뇌가 인간의 움직임 생성과 실행에 중요한 역할을 담당하기 때문에 이 고찰논문이 향후 관련연구에 대한 유용한 기초 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The cerebellum is one of the major parts of the brain involved in the motor control including motor coordination, muscle tone, balance, and the learning of motor skills. The purpose of this review paper was to explore of pathophysiology, anatomical function and neurophysiological mechanism for cerebellum. For this, we sought to examine of previous study related cerebellar disease. Specifically, this paper suggested that motor deficiency of limb movements, coordination, gait/posture balance, adaptation of during movement execution through information proprioception or kinaesthesia, and motor planning and programming of cerebellar patients. We expect that this review will be able to offer the useful information to research. For example, movement scientists will provide an academic information about cerebellar ataxia. Patients and their families will provide relevant information to the daily life (e.g., management and rehabilitation exercise).
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