성격과 직무수행 간의 비선형적 관계: 직무창의성의 조절효과
The Nonlinear Relationships Between Personality Traits and Job Performance: Moderating Effect of Job Creativity
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 성격 특성들(성실성, 정서적 안정성)과 직무수행(과업수행, 맥락수행) 간의 비선형적 관계를 검증하고, 둘째, 성실성의 하위요인(성취, 신뢰)에 따라 성실성과 과업수행 간의 비선형적 관계가 달라지는지를 알아보고, 셋째, 성실성과 과업수행 간의 비선형적 관계에 있어서 직무특성 변인인 직무창의성의 조절효과를 검증하는 데 있었다. 이를 위하여 국내 기업에서 근무하는 종업원들에게 설문조사를 실시하여 총 211명의 응답자료를 분석에 사용하였다. 과업수행과 맥락수행의 측정은 공통방법편파에 의한 결과의 왜곡을 방지하기 위하여 동료 또는 상사가 평정한 타인평정 방법을 사용하였다. 자료를 분석한 결과, 성실성과 과업수행, 맥락수행 간에는 모두 비선형적인 역U자형 관계가 나타났다. 반면에 정서적 안정성은 과업수행과는 역U자형의 비선형적 관계를 보였지만, 맥락수행과의 관계에서는 2차식에 의한 설명량의 증분이 유의하지 않아서 선형적 관계를 나타내었다. 성실성의 하위요인에 따라 과업수행과의 관계에서의 설명량과 변곡점이 다르게 나타났기 때문에 성실성의 하위요인에 따라 과업수행과의 비선형적 관계가 달라진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 성실성과 과업수행 간의 비선형적 관계에서의 변곡점이 직무창의성 수준에 따라 다르게 나타났기 때문에 직무창의성이 성실성과 과업수행 간의 비선형적 관계를 조절한다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 시사점 및 제한점, 그리고 추후 연구과제에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The first purpose of this study was to examine the nonlinear relationships between personality traits (conscientiousness and emotional stability) and job performance(task performance and contextual performance). The second purpose was to examine the difference of inflection points in the nonlinear relationships between conscientiousness's narrow traits(achievement and dependability) and task performance. And the third purpose was to examine the moderating effect of job creativity on the nonlinear relationship between conscientiousness and task performance. Data were gathered from 211 employees who were working in various organizations in Korea. To reduce the effect from common method bias, task performance and contextual performance were rated by others(peers or supervisors). As results, there were significant nonlinear relationships between conscientiousness and job performance(task performance and contextual performance), and significant nonlinear relationship between emotional stability and task performance. But there was no nonlinear relationship between emotional stability and contextual performance. The inflection points in the nonlinear relationships between the conscientiousness's narrow traits(achievement and dependability) and task performance were different. Job creativity moderated the nonlinear relationship between conscientiousness and task performance. Finally, implication of results and future research tasks were discussed with limitations.
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