중국인 학습자의 ChatGPT를 활용한 PBL 기반 한국어 말하기 학습효과

Abstract

This study examines the effects of AI ChatGPT-based Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on the Korean speaking abilities of Chinese learners at intermediate and advanced levels. Eighteen learners participated via Zoom, and learning outcomes were assessed using pre- and post-surveys. Results showed significant improvement for intermediate learners, but little change for advanced learners. Sub-factor analysis indicated that advanced learners improved in anxiety and satisfaction, while intermediate learners showed broader gains in self-efficacy, engagement, anxiety, and satisfaction, with self-efficacy improving most. Feedback revealed that intermediate learners benefited from grammar correction and presentation confidence but struggled with complex responses and reliance on AI. Advanced learners reported cognitive and expressive gains but noted weak logical flow and limited cultural understanding. Overall, ChatGPT-based PBL speaking lessons were more effective for intermediate than advanced learners.