미래의 전쟁과 전쟁의 미래:이라크 전쟁에서 나타난 군사혁신의 두 가지 측면
War of the Future and Future of War: Two Aspects of the Military Innovations in the Iraq War
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전쟁이란 정치의 연속이며 정치적 목표를 달성하기 위한 수단이다. 따라서 군사혁신은 군사력 그 자체의 변화를 의미하는 “전쟁의 미래”와 군사력이 사용될 정치적 환경의 변화를 지칭하는 “미래의 전쟁”이라는 두 가지 측면에서 분석되어야만 한다. 하지만 현재 존재하는 군사혁신에 대해서는 많은 논의는 이와 같은 군사혁신의 두 가지 측면을 구분하지 않고 있다. 가장 대표적인 사례는 미국의 이라크 전쟁이다. 부시 행정부는 전쟁의 미래에만 초점을 맞추어 엄청난 파괴력을 가진 군사력을 건설하고 이를 효과적으로 사용하였다. 하지만 미국은 미래의 전쟁에 대해서는 주의를 기울이지 않았고, 때문에 유일 강대국이 게릴라 전쟁에 직면한다는 사실을 망각하였다. 결국 미국은 사담 후세인의 군사력을 파괴하고 정권을 전복하였으나, 이후의 사태에 대비하지 못하였고 7년이 지난 2010년 현재까지도 전쟁을 계속하고 있다.
Abstract
Military innovation has two aspects: the future of war and war of the future. The former is about technological innovations that the armed forces would use in the future. The latter is about political changes that would determine characteristics of armed conflicts in the future. These two concepts are crucial in understanding military innovation. For example, the United States has excelled in the future of war and built highly efficient military power and destroyed the Iraqi military power in 2003. However, the Bush Administration has neglected war of the future, which led to politico-military quagmire in Iraq for the last seven years.
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