The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis B Surface Ag Positivity in Pregnant Women in Eastern Region of Ghana
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity in pregnant Ghanaian women. Methods:We surveyed 1,500 pregnant women in Eastern region of Ghana. Direct interviews were performed by trained nurses using standardized questionnaires. Pregnant women were screened for human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B infections, hemoglobin levels and sickle cell anemia as part of the antenatal check-up. Results: The overall HBsAg positive rate was 10.6%, which varied among districts (13.8%for Kwahu West, 12.4% for Upper Manya, and 2.2% for Yilo Krobo). HBsAg positivity was significantly higher in women with depression (odds ratio [OR], 3.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.13 to 6.57) and HIV (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.89). Age, education, and gravidity were not related to HBsAg positivity. Anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin for newborns of HBsAg-positive mothers is not provided at birth in public health facilities in Ghana. However, hepatitis B vaccination is provided as part of a routine vaccination schedule starting at 6 weeks of age. Conclusions: To prevent mother-tochild transmission of hepatitis B, screening tests for HBsAg in pregnant women and hepatitis B vaccination of newborns immediately after birth need to be performed in this region.
Abstract
Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity in pregnant Ghanaian women. Methods:We surveyed 1,500 pregnant women in Eastern region of Ghana. Direct interviews were performed by trained nurses using standardized questionnaires. Pregnant women were screened for human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B infections, hemoglobin levels and sickle cell anemia as part of the antenatal check-up. Results: The overall HBsAg positive rate was 10.6%, which varied among districts (13.8%for Kwahu West, 12.4% for Upper Manya, and 2.2% for Yilo Krobo). HBsAg positivity was significantly higher in women with depression (odds ratio [OR], 3.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.13 to 6.57) and HIV (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.89). Age, education, and gravidity were not related to HBsAg positivity. Anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin for newborns of HBsAg-positive mothers is not provided at birth in public health facilities in Ghana. However, hepatitis B vaccination is provided as part of a routine vaccination schedule starting at 6 weeks of age. Conclusions: To prevent mother-tochild transmission of hepatitis B, screening tests for HBsAg in pregnant women and hepatitis B vaccination of newborns immediately after birth need to be performed in this region.
참고문헌 (23)
- "U.S. global health policy" (2011)[URL]
- "Global health observatory data repository" (2011)[URL]
- "Accra: Ghana Districts" (2011)[URL]
- Adu-Sarkodie Y, "Seroprevalence of hepatitis B markers in a rural community in Ghana", Trop Med, 38, pp.87~90 (1996)
- World Health Organization, "Hepatitis B vaccines", Wkly Epidemiol Rec, 84, pp.405~420 (2009)
- Martinson FE, "Risk factors for horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus in a rural district in Ghana", Am J Epidemiol, 147, pp.478~487 (1998)
- Dumpis U, "Transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in Gambian families revealed by phylogenetic analysis", J Hepatol, 35, pp.99~104 (2001)
- Martinson FE, "Seroepidemiological survey of hepatitis B and C virus infections in Ghanaian children", J Med Virol, 48, pp.278~283 (1996)
- Acquaye JK, "Hepatitis B viral markers in Ghanaian pregnant women", West Afr J Med, 13, pp.134~137 (1994)
- Damale NK, "Hepatitis B virus seroprevalence among parturients in Accra, Ghana", Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 90, pp.240~241 (2005)
- Merrill RM, "Seroprevalence of markers for hepatitis B viral infection", Int J Infect Dis, 15, pp.e78~e121 (2011)
- Gust ID, "The prevalence of hepatitis B infection amongst urban and rural populations in Western Samoa", J Hyg, 86, pp.87~93 (1981)
- Hou J, "Epidemiology and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection", Int J Med Sci, 2, pp.50~57 (2005)
- Shepard CW, "Hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology and vaccination", Epidemiol Rev, 28, pp.112~125 (2006)
- Ghendon Y, "Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in highincidence countries", J Virol Methods, 17, pp.69~79 (1987)
- Duong TH, "Risk factors for hepatitis B infection in rural Vietnam", Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, pp.97~102 (2009)
- Atesci FC, "Psychiatric disorders and functioning in hepatitis B virus carriers", Psychosomatics, 46, pp.142~147 (2005)
- Rivas González P, "Viral hepatitis in newly diagnosed HIV immigrants in Spain: unexpected HIV rates of HCV antibody and “isolated anti-HBV core” among sub-Saharan Africans", The 4th International Workshop on HIV and Hepatitis Coinfection (2008)
- Soriano V, "Viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection", Antiviral Res, 85, pp.303~315 (2010)
- Thio CL, "HIV-1, hepatitis B virus, and risk of liver-related mortality in the Multicenter Cohort Study (MACS)", Lancet, 360, pp.1921~1926 (2002)
- Ministry of Health, "National guidelines for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT)", Ministry of Health, ~ (2008)
- Ghana’s progress report on the United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) declaration of Commitment on HIV and AIDS. Reporting period: January 2008 to December 2009, "Ghana AIDS Commission", Joint United Nations Programme on HIV, 2010
- "AccuBioTech" (2011)[URL]