델파이 기법을 적용한 자율주행시대 도로 설계 및 운영 변화 방향 연구
A Study on the Changes of Road Design and Operation in the Age of Autonomous Driving, Using Delphi Technique
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본 연구는 Lv.4/4+ 자율주행 시대에 도로 설계, 운영, 시스템의 변화 방향을 분석하기 위해도로, 교통, 자동차, ITS, 통신 분야의 전문가들을 대상으로 2차에 걸쳐 델파이 조사를 수행하였다. 델파이 조사 항목을 구성하기 위해 기초 설문조사를 진행하였으며, 자율주행과 밀접한관련이 있는 분야의 전문가 14명을 대상으로 1차, 2차 델파이 조사를 진행하였다. 조사 결과미래에는 공유형 AV, 대중교통 환승 중심의 교통운영으로 변경될 것으로 예상되며, 이에 따른횡단구성의 변경이 있을 것으로 보여진다. 자율주행전용차로는 고속도로, 일반국도부터 도입이 예상되며, 도로 가측부가 아닌 도로 중앙부에 설치되고 기존 도로와 동일한 차로폭을 사용할 것으로 의견이 모아졌다. 자율주행자동차를 위해 시설물 측면에서는 보차분리시설의 확충이 필요하며, 위치 인식을 위한 시설물에 통신칩 삽입, 정밀지도 고도화, 노변통신시설 확충등이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
This study conducted over two rounds Delphi survey targeting experts in the fields of roads, transportation, automobiles, intelligent transport systems(ITS), and communications to analyze the direction of change in road design, operation, and systems in the Lv.4/4+ autonomous driving era. To construct the Delphi survey items, a basic survey was conducted. The first and second Delphi surveys targeted experts in fields closely related to autonomous driving. The results of the survey revealed an expectation that in the future, transportation operations would change focus to shared autonomous vehicle(AV) and public transportation transfers, and there would be corresponding changes in the cross-sectional configuration. Exclusive lanes for AV are expected to be introduced commencing from highways and general national roads, and there was a consensus that they should be installed in the center of the road rather than on the sides and would use the same lane width as that of the existing road. In terms of facilities for AVs, it was found that it would be necessary to expand pedestrian-vehicle separation facilities, insert communication chips into facilities for location recognition, advance precision maps, and expand roadside communication facilities.
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