조선시기 京畿 島嶼지역의 空間認識 변화 －國營牧場 설치(조선 전기)에서 水軍鎭 설치(조선 후기)로－

Abstract

Between the early Joseon Dynasty and the late one, there was a distinct difference how the government treated islands. In the early period, as we know from the empty-island policy, they were viewed as the hotbed of crime or frontier beyond the edification. On the contrary, the government realized their importance and encouraged people to migrate to there in the late days. According to this change, it closed state-owned ranch which had been built before, changed ranch into agricultural land, and built naval bases to reinforce the defense system. The results and influences of the governmental policy on islands can be seen islands in Gyeonggi Province. First, the government estimated that there would be about 20 islands in the early 15th century, while about 80 ones in the late 18th century. Secondly, it removed state-owned ranch from 20 (late 15th century) to 9 (mid-18th century). Thirdly, lots of people moved to islands after abolition of the empty-island policy and state-own ranch. For example, there were 850 households residing and the population growth in an island. Finally, naval bases had been built in the islands located in the strategic points of sea route of the Yellow Sea since mid-17th century, and some of them were run independently in order to preserve Ganghwa Island, which was viewed as a wartime shelter and the throat-like spot. In conclusion, some phenomena were the results of change of the governmental view and policy on islands in Gyeonggi Province in the Joseon dynasty, which were installation and closing of state-owned ranch, remarkable growth of residents and agricultural land, and establishment and independent operation of naval bases.