The Sub-history and its meaning in Independence War of Spain against Napoleonic France - Focused on Episodios nacionales and Numancia
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This article examines the historical view of Benito Pérez Galdós in his historical novel named “Zaragoza” and “Cánovas” by comparing with Numancia of Cervantes. In front of the national survival crisis, Galdós recognizes that it is necessary that Spain should recover humanity and morality on basis of the krausist ideal. The krausists warned subjective idealism, stressing on free-will and moral conscience in a harmonious balance of rationality. Without refusing patriotism, they warned egoistic patriotism deformed by national selfishness or nationalism. Giner de los Ríos insisted on a necessity of harmonizing national inclination and universal one. Galdós emphasizes that the identity of Spain is not possession of privileged class but sweat and tears of the mass of people in daily life. He represents Efemera as the ideal history on the basis of Unamuno’s ‘intrahistoria’, by which, instead of Lukács’ progressive history, we can peep into a historical poetics of human free nature and vividness of discontinuous and endless shifting. According to the sub-history, we come to the conclusion that Galdós and Cervantes would lay emphasis on sub-history, aiming to essence of Spanish soul originated from national landscape and people’s daily life.
Abstract
This article examines the historical view of Benito Pérez Galdós in his historical novel named “Zaragoza” and “Cánovas” by comparing with Numancia of Cervantes. In front of the national survival crisis, Galdós recognizes that it is necessary that Spain should recover humanity and morality on basis of the krausist ideal. The krausists warned subjective idealism, stressing on free-will and moral conscience in a harmonious balance of rationality. Without refusing patriotism, they warned egoistic patriotism deformed by national selfishness or nationalism. Giner de los Ríos insisted on a necessity of harmonizing national inclination and universal one. Galdós emphasizes that the identity of Spain is not possession of privileged class but sweat and tears of the mass of people in daily life. He represents Efemera as the ideal history on the basis of Unamuno’s ‘intrahistoria’, by which, instead of Lukács’ progressive history, we can peep into a historical poetics of human free nature and vividness of discontinuous and endless shifting. According to the sub-history, we come to the conclusion that Galdós and Cervantes would lay emphasis on sub-history, aiming to essence of Spanish soul originated from national landscape and people’s daily life.
참고문헌 (47)
- ALAS, Leopoldo, "Solos de Clarín" (1881), Amelio J. Alaria
- ALAS, Leopoldo, "‘La novela novelesca,’ Ensayos y revistas, Biblioteca virtual universal", pp.153~156, Julio
- ALAS, Leopoldo, "Su único hijo", pp.261~ (1993), Alianza Editorial
- ALCAIDE, José A., "años de ejércitos en España", pp.35~ (1999), Almena Ediciones
- ANSELMENT, Raymond, "Discordia Concors", pp.176~ (1969), University of Oklahoma Press
- BERMAN, Sandra, "On the Historical Novel by Alessandro Manzoni" (1984), University of Nebraska Press
- BLY, Peter A., "For Self or Country? Conflicting Lessons in the first Series of Episodios nacionales", Kentucky Romance Quarterly, 31, pp.117~124 (1984)
- BOSCH, Rafael, "Galdós y la teoría de la novella de Lukács" (1968), Anales galdosianos año III
- BRAVO-VILLASENTE, "Carmen, Galdós visto por sí mismo" (1970), Novelas y Cuentos
- CARR, Raymond, "Spain: 1808-1975" (1982), Clarendon Press
- CASALDUERO, Joaquín, "Sentido y forma del teatro de Cervantes", Editorial Gredos
- CASALDUERO, Joaquín, "La realidad histórica de España" (1962), Editorial Porra
- CASALDUERO, Joaquín, "Los españoles: Cómo llegaron a serlo" (1965), Taurus
- CASALDUERO, Joaquín, "La Numancia, la edición de José Martel y Hymen Alpern en su DIEZ COMEDIAS DEL SIGLO DE ORO" (1939), Harper and Row
- CASTRO, Américo, "España en su historia: Cristianos, moros y judíos" (1948), Losada
- COCA, Fátima, "Krausismo y literatura: fundamentos estéticos en la teoría literaria de Francisco de Paula Canalejas", Ideología, Retórica y Poética. Actas del I Seminario Emilio Castelar, pp.405~420 (2001), Fundación Municipal de Cultura y Universidad de Cádiz
- CORREA, Gustavo, "El simbolismo religioso en las novelas de Pérez Galdós" (1984), Editorial Gredos
- DE JONGH-ROSSEL, Elena M., "El krausismo y la generación de 1989" (1984), Albatros Hispanofila
- DE LA REVILLA, Manuel, "Principios de generales de literatura", pp.182~ (1872), Iravedra
- DENDLE, Brian J., "The Early Historical Novels" (1986), Univ. of Kentucky Press
- ESPINOSA, Aurelio, "Viajes por España: IX. Numancia", Hispania, 7(3), pp.189~ (1924)
- GILMAN, Stephen, "Realism and the Epic in Galdós’ Zaragoza, In Estudios hispánicos: homenaje a Archer M. Huntington", pp.171~192 (1952), Wellesley College
- GINER DE LOS RÍOS, Francisco, "La enseñanza confesional y la escuela", Ensayos sobre educación, 78 (1882)
- GLENDINNING, Nigel, "Psychology and Politics in the First Series of the Episodios nacionales, In Galdós Studies", pp.36~61 (1970), Tamesis
- GULLÓN, Ricardo, "Los episodios: la primera serie", Philological Quarterly, 51, pp.292~312 (1972)
- GULLÓN, Ricardo, "Los episodios: la primera serie. Benito Pérez Galdós: el escritor y la crítica", pp.379~402 (1972), Taurus
- HINTERHÄUSER, Hans, "Los episodios nacionales de Benito Pérez Galdós" (1963), Gredos
- KAYSER, Wolfgang, "The Grotesque in Art and Literature", pp.33~ (1963), Columbia University Press
- KING, Willard F., "Cervantes’ Numancia and Imperial Spain", MLN, 94, pp.200~221 (1979)
- LUKÁCS, Georg, "The Historical Novel, translated Hannahand Stanley Mitchell" (1969), Penguin Books
- JOAN, Maragall, "Obras Completas, vol.II" (1981), Editorial Selecta
- MARÍAS, Julián, "Cervantes clave española", pp.64~ (1990), Alianza Editorial
- JOHNSON, Carroll, "The Structure of Cervantine Ambiguity", Ideologies and Literature, 3, pp.75~79 (1980)
- MARGENOT, Maricarmen R., "Intrahistoria en Unamuno e intratiempo en Machado, In Revista de estudios literarios. Universidad Complutense de Madrid" (2009), Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- MARTÍN BUEZAS, "La teología de Sanz del Río y del krausismo español", pp.78~ (1977), Gredos
- MAXWELL, Richard, "'Historical Novel' article from Encyclopedia of the Novel" (1998), Fitzroy Dearborn
- NAVASCUS, Miguel, "Hacia una concepción tragic de Zaragoza", Anales galdosianos, XX(2) (1985)
- PÉREZ GALDÓS, "Benito, Obras Completas, Undécima edición" (1968), Aguilar
- QUINT, David, "David Louis Quint named Sterling Professor of Comparative Literature", Yale Bulletin & Calendar, 34(29) (2006)
- SCHELLINGER, Paul, "Encyclopaedia of the Novel" (1998), Fitzroy Dearborn
- SIMERKA, Barbara A., "That the rulers should sleep without bad dreams: anti-epic Discourse in La Numancia and Arauco domado", Bulletin of the Cervantes society of America, XVIII(1) (1998)
- SMITH, Paul Lewis, "Cervantes’ Numancia as tragedy and as tragicomedy", Bulletin of the Hispanic Studies, 64, pp.15~26 (1986)
- SOTELO VÁZQUEZ, "Actas del coloquio internacional Lyon" (1997), Las publicaciones de la Universidad de Barcelona
- UNAMUNO, Miguel de, "La psicología anormal en la obra de Galdós", Bulletin de lInstituto Español, (4) (1984)
- UNAMUNO, Miguel de, "De la enseñanza superior en España", Revista Nueva, II(55) (1899)
- Enrique Ureña, "José Luis Fernández y Johannes Seidal. El“Ideal de la Humanidad” de Sanz del Río y su original alemán: Textos comparados con una introducción", pp.125~ (1992), UPCO