Effects of Microbial Additives on Chemical Composition and Fermentation Characteristics of Barley Silage
2
조회
0
다운로드
11
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study examined the effects of bacterial inoculants on chemical composition and fermentation indices of barley silage. Barley forage (Youngyang) was harvested at 24% dry matter (DM) and wilted to 47.9% DM. The wilted barley forage was chopped to 3-5 cm length and applied with no inoculant (CON), L. plantarum (1×10 10 cfu/g, LP) or Effective Microorganisms (0.5×10 9 cfu/g, EM). Then the forages were ensiled in four replications for each treatment in 20 L mini silos and stored for 100 days. The contents of crude protein and ether extract were higher in CON silage ensiled for 100-d, while the contents of DM and crude ash were higher in EM silage (p<0.05). The contents of ADF, NDF and hemicellulose as well as the in vitro DM digestibility were not affected by microbial inoculation (p>0.05). The pH, ammonia-N concentration and lactate to acetate ratio were higher (p<0.05) in CON silage, while lactate concentrations were higher (p<0.05) in CON and LP silage. Acetate concentration and lactic acid bacteria was increased (p<0.05) by both inoculants (LP and EM), but propionate concentration and yeast was increased (p<0.05) by EM and LP, respectively. These results indicated that the fermentation quality of barley silage was improved by the application of bacterial inoculants.
Abstract
This study examined the effects of bacterial inoculants on chemical composition and fermentation indices of barley silage. Barley forage (Youngyang) was harvested at 24% dry matter (DM) and wilted to 47.9% DM. The wilted barley forage was chopped to 3-5 cm length and applied with no inoculant (CON), L. plantarum (1×10 10 cfu/g, LP) or Effective Microorganisms (0.5×10 9 cfu/g, EM). Then the forages were ensiled in four replications for each treatment in 20 L mini silos and stored for 100 days. The contents of crude protein and ether extract were higher in CON silage ensiled for 100-d, while the contents of DM and crude ash were higher in EM silage (p<0.05). The contents of ADF, NDF and hemicellulose as well as the in vitro DM digestibility were not affected by microbial inoculation (p>0.05). The pH, ammonia-N concentration and lactate to acetate ratio were higher (p<0.05) in CON silage, while lactate concentrations were higher (p<0.05) in CON and LP silage. Acetate concentration and lactic acid bacteria was increased (p<0.05) by both inoculants (LP and EM), but propionate concentration and yeast was increased (p<0.05) by EM and LP, respectively. These results indicated that the fermentation quality of barley silage was improved by the application of bacterial inoculants.
참고문헌 (39)
- Acosta, Y. M., "Evaluation of barley silage harvested at boot and soft dough stages", J. Dairy Sci, 74, pp.167~176 (1991)
- Adesogan, A. T, "The influence of treatment with dual-purpose bacterial inoculants or soluble carbohydrates on the fermentation and aerobic stability of bermuda grass", J. Dairy Sci, 87, pp.3407~3416 (2004)
- Adesogan, A. T., "Factors affecting forage quality" (2002), University of Florida
- Arriola, K. G., "Effect of applying inoculants containing different types of bacteria to corn silage on the performance of dairy cattle", J. Dairy Sci, 94, pp.3973~3979 (2011)
- AOAC, "Official methods of analysis" (1995), Association of Official Analytical Chemists
- J. Baah, "Effects of Homolactic Bacterial Inoculant Alone or Combined with an Anionic Surfactant on Fermentation, Aerobic Stability and In situ Ruminal Degradability of Barley Silage", ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES, 24(3), pp.369~378 (2011), 아세아·태평양축산학회
- Boufaïed, H., "Fatty acids in forages. I. Factors affecting concentrations", Can. J. Anim. Sci, 83, pp.501~511 (2003)
- Chaney, A. L., "Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia", Clin. Chem, 8, pp.130~132 (1962)
- Courtin, M. G., "A simulation model of the microbiological and chemical changes accompanying the initial stage of aerobic deterioration of silage", Grass Forage Sci, 45, pp.153~165 (1990)
- Hargreaves, A., "Effect of stage of growth on the chemical composition, nutritive value and ensilability of whole-crop barley", Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 152, pp.50~61 (2009)
- Henderson, N., "Silage additives", Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 45, pp.35~56 (1993)
- Higa, T., "Effective microorganisms: A biotechnology for mankind", Proceedings of the First International Conference on Kyusei Nature Farming, pp.8~14 (1991)
- Higginbotham, G. E., "Effects of inoculants containing propionic acid bacteria on fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage", J. Dairy Sci, 81, pp.2185~2192 (1998)
- Holzer, M., "The role of Lactobacillus buchneri in forage preservation", Trends Biotechnol, 21, pp.282~287 (2003)
- Jalč, D., "The use of bacterial inoculants for grass silage: their effects on nutrient composition and fermentation parameters in grass silages", Czech J. Anim. Sci, 54, pp.84~91 (2009)
- Kung, L., "Interpretation and use of silage fermentation analysis reports", Focus on Forage, University of Wisconsin Extension, 3(13), pp.1~5 (2001)
- Kung, L., "The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri and other additives on the fermentation and aerobic stability of barley silage", J. Dairy Sci, 84, pp.1149~1155 (2001)
- Effect of inoculants on fermentation and performance of feedlot cattle fed barley and corn silage, "McAllister, T. A.", griculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Centre, 1999
- McAllister, T. A., "Intake, digestibility and aerobic stability of barley silage inoculated with mixtures of Lactobacillus plantarum and Enterococcus faecium", Can. J. Anim. Sci, 75, pp.425~432 (1995)
- Muck, R. E., "The role of silage additives in making high quality silage", Proceedings of the National Silage Production Conference on Silage Production from Seed to Animal, pp.106~116 (1993)
- Muck, R. E., "Effects of corn silage inoculants on aerobic stability", Trans. ASAE, 47, pp.1011~1016 (2004)
- Ohshima, M., "A review of the changes in nitrogenous compounds of herbage during ensilage", J. Sci. Food Agric, 29, pp.497~505 (1978)
- Oude Elferink, "Anaerobic conversion of lactic acid to acetic acid and 1, 2-propanediol by Lactobacillus buchneri", Appl. Environ. Microb, 67, pp.125~132 (2001)
- 박태일, "한국에서 개발된 총체사료용 보리 품종의 형태적 특성", 한국초지조사료학회지, 28(3), pp.193~202 (2008), 한국초지조사료학회
- Ranjit, N. K., "The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus plantarum, or a chemical preservative on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage", J. Dairy Sci, 83, pp.526~535 (2000)
- Seglar, B., "Fermentation analysis and silage quality testing", Proceedings of the Minnesota Dairy Health Conference. College of Veterinary Medicine (2003), University of Minnesota
- Shaver, R. D., "Practical application of new forage quality tests", Proceedings of the 6th Western Dairy Management Conference, pp.22~25 (2003)
- STAT user’s guide: Version 9, "SAS", pp.2002, SAS Institute Inc
- Sucu, E., "Effects of bacterial inoculants on fermentation, aerobic stability and rumen degradability characteristics of wheat silages", Turkish J. Vet. Anim. Sci, 30, pp.187~193 (2006)
- Taylor, C. C., "The effect of treating whole-plant barley with Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 on silage fermentation, aerobic stability, and nutritive value for dairy cows", J. Dairy Sci, 85, pp.1793~1800 (2002)
- Tilley, J. M. A., "A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops", J. Br. Grassland Soc, 18, pp.104~111 (1963)
- Tudisco, R., "Influence of replacing corn silage with barley silage in the diets of buffalo cows on milk yield and quality", Vet. Res. Commun, 34(Suppl. 1), pp.S193~S196 (2010)
- Tudisco, R., "In vitro fermentation of ten cultivars of barley silage", Italian J. Anim. Sci, 8(Suppl. 2), pp.343~345 (2009)
- Van Soest, P. J., "Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition", J. Dairy Sci, 74, pp.3583~3597 (1991)
- Warren, H. E., "Effect of ensiling on the fatty acid composition of the resultant silage", pp.100~101 (2002), Grassland Science in Europe
- Weinberg, Z. G., "The effect of a propionic acid bacterial inoculant applied at ensiling, with or without lactic acid bacteria, on the aerobic stability of pearl millet and maize silages", J. Appl. Bacteriol, 78, pp.430~436 (1995)
- Weissbach, F., "New developments in crop conservation", Proceedings of the 11th International Silage Conference, pp.11~25 (1996)
- Zahiroddini, H., "Effect of an inoculant and hydrolytic enzymes on fermentation and nutritive value of whole crop barley silage", Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 117, pp.317~330 (2004)
- H. Zahiroddini, "Effects of Microbial Inoculants on the Fermentation, Nutrient Retention, and Aerobic Stability of Barley Silage", ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES, 19(10), pp.1429~1436 (2006), 아세아·태평양축산학회