재일 디아스포라 작가 시선 속의 阿Q ― 「朴達의 裁判」을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper aims to compare Bak Dal(朴達), the main character of Kim Dalsoo(金達壽)'s novel Bak Dal's Trial(朴達の裁判) with AQ(阿Q), the protagonist of Lu Xun(魯迅)'s famous novel The Biography of AQ(阿Q正傳), and later to examine the social context in which their similarities have been formed. Kim Dalsoo's Bak Dal's Trial was written in Japanese in 1958,and translated in Korean in 1989. The background of this novel is K city in South Korea. The prison is the biggest building in the city, and all characters work in US military camp. One day the workers of US military camp make a strike, and Bak Dal is arrested for leading the revolt. Beaten hard by the prosecutors,Bak Dal resist them in his ridiculing eyes. In an essay “AQ within Me” that he contributed to Tokyo Newspaper in 1981, the centenary year of the birth of Lu Xun,Kim Dalsoo confessed that the creation of Bak Dal was greatly owed to the impact of AQ. Most of all, the two characters represent the most typical common people of Chosun(Korea) and China at that time. Kim Dalsoo describes Bak Dal as an obscure and sly person who can’t read or write. The similarity of the two works are revealed well in the portrayal of his characterization. Self-criticism inspired by Lu Xun’s spirit was not possible in the nations of East Asia in the era of the Cold War. It was diaspora writers expelled from the nations that committed to it. As the nation states got shaped in the Cold War era, the writers were incorporated into a matrix of power. And Lu Xun receded from the writers of the nation states more and more. Kim Dalsoo made a serious critique of society that the writers in South Korea could not, because he kept himself outside power. The position as a diaspora who has nothing to do with power enables him to criticize the nation, which is the reason that diaspora literature is meaningful.