루터와 이슬람

Abstract

During the Reformation, the Ottoman Empire attacked Europe. The army of the Ottoman Empire reached Vienna in 1529. The attack made European countries afraid. The reformer Martin Luther, who led the Protestant Church and countries in Germany, had to treat the attack of Islam theologically and politically. Since 1518 Luther had studied them theologically. He published his first work about Islam in 1529. His well-known works about Islam are “Vom Kriege wider die Türken”(1529), “Heerpredigt wider den Türken”(1529), and “Vermahung zum Gebet wider den Türken”(1539, 1541, 1543). Apart from these works, Luther wrote the introductions of the various works on Islam. When we look at these works and introductions, we can observe the following character with regard to Luther's understanding of Islam. First, Luther understood Islam as the scourge of God and the Devil's devotee. The attack of Islam was the punishment of God against the European Church's sins. This is why the Church needed to look after it. At the same time kings and princes must protect themselves with swords against the attack, because Islam was the Devil's devotee. First, Luther understood Islam as the scourge of God and the Devil's devotee. The attack of Islam was the punishment of God against the European Church's sins. This is why the Church needed to look after it. At the same time kings and princes must protect themselves with swords against the attack, because Islam was the Devil's devotee. Secondly, the understanding of the Luther on Islam was based on "two-kingdom theory". The "two-kingdom theory" provided the theoretical reason about that Christian princes and peoples can fight with Islam. At the same time, Luther criticized that Islam destroys three areas of life. The three are "the ecclesiological, the political and the economic areas" Thirdly, Luther objected to the attack of Islam with the eschatological perspective. The evangelical church in Europe needed not to despair about the victory of Islam against Europe, because the victory was predicted in the Bible. The evangelical believers must suffer grievances and suffering. At the same time, the providence of God to the European Church was emphasized by Luther. On this point Luther wished to console the Church. Fourth, Luther understood Islam as the object of the mission. Islam is not an anti-Christ. For this reason, Muslims can be taken. The mission means the sacred life of the faithful.