Rethinking Nuclear War: Bringing “Limited Nuclear Use” to Center Stage
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The recent resurgence of the nuclear competition of the superpowers, growingcapabilities of emerging nuclear states, and the blurring of conventional–nuclearfirebreak have all contributed to increasing the possibility of nuclear weapons use inconflict. To address this issue, many scholars have attempted to reinterpret the ColdWar logic of “limited nuclear war” and apply it to the context of the 21st centurynuclear environment. While standing on the same line with this approach, this articlepresents fundamentally different discussions about “limited nuclear war (LNW)”and “limited nuclear use (LNU).” It points out that the concept of LNW can nolonger fully capture the changing nature of nuclear war, especially the “gray zone”between conventional and nuclear war. Furthermore, the conceptual elusiveness ofLNW has hindered the development of a coherent strategy. This article argues thatthe concept of LNU is a better alternative to address the changing nuclear landscapebeyond the scope of the LNW and could be a useful tool for strategy-making. Itassumes that the state, as a rational actor, will seek palatable nuclear options toachieve desired objectives while avoiding escalation to a catastrophic nuclear war. By reviewing LNU from a historical perspective and reconsidering LNW, thisarticle ultimately aims to present the conceptual foundation for strategy-makingwith a more rigorous definition of LNU.
Abstract
The recent resurgence of the nuclear competition of the superpowers, growingcapabilities of emerging nuclear states, and the blurring of conventional–nuclearfirebreak have all contributed to increasing the possibility of nuclear weapons use inconflict. To address this issue, many scholars have attempted to reinterpret the ColdWar logic of “limited nuclear war” and apply it to the context of the 21st centurynuclear environment. While standing on the same line with this approach, this articlepresents fundamentally different discussions about “limited nuclear war (LNW)”and “limited nuclear use (LNU).” It points out that the concept of LNW can nolonger fully capture the changing nature of nuclear war, especially the “gray zone”between conventional and nuclear war. Furthermore, the conceptual elusiveness ofLNW has hindered the development of a coherent strategy. This article argues thatthe concept of LNU is a better alternative to address the changing nuclear landscapebeyond the scope of the LNW and could be a useful tool for strategy-making. Itassumes that the state, as a rational actor, will seek palatable nuclear options toachieve desired objectives while avoiding escalation to a catastrophic nuclear war. By reviewing LNU from a historical perspective and reconsidering LNW, thisarticle ultimately aims to present the conceptual foundation for strategy-makingwith a more rigorous definition of LNU.
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