공항 입지선정 요인 척도 정량화 및 가중치를 고려한 복수공항 입지선정 연구

Abstract

In order to handle the continuously growing demand for air traffic, the construction of a new airport with the concept of multiple airports is again emerging as an important issue, and in some regions of South Korea, the introduction of a new airport with a multiple airport system is being considered. An example of this is the opening of Incheon International Airport, considering the saturation of Gimpo International Airport in the past. In this study, the FUZZY method and the AHP method were combined to evaluate the location selection factors for airport sites, and a method for selecting the optimal airport location was presented by considering the weight of each factor. Through AHP analysis, the relative weight of the factors considered for airport location selection was stratified, and the data of qualitative/quantitative factors were FUZZYed and quantified consistently for objective comparison between each factor. That is, the weight values obtained from the AHP analysis were reflected in the FUZZY results to quantitatively evaluate the airport site alternatives, and the optimal alternative was derived. Airport site selection factors are composed of both quantitative and qualitative factors, and there is a limit to mutual comparison between factors. Therefore, for a consistent comparison of each factor, the site selection factors were scaled on a 5-point scale. In addition, in order to reflect the expert’s opinion on the special environment of the airport, the priority, that is, the weight, considered for each factor was reflected in the site selection evaluation through AHP analysis. In this paper, the FUZZY-AHP technique was introduced, and through case analysis, objective evaluation results for airport site selection factors were compared, and the effect of considering the weights on the final decision on airport site selection was confirmed. Airport construction requires enormous investment and has significant impact on balanced national development as well as efficient use of national land and social, economic, and cultural ripple effects in the region. Therefore, decision-making of airport location selection should be done with utmost care. In conclusion, in addition to considering the safety of airport operation, the need and purpose of construction of a new airport should be effectively reflected and used as an important criterion for selecting an airport location to continuously create air demand through convenient use of passengers and cargo.