신체활동의 변화단계를 예측하기 위한 자결성이론의 적용
Application of Self-determination Theory to Predicting Stages of Change for Physical Activity Behavior
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초록
본 연구는 신체활동의 선택 및 지속에 영향을 주는 동기적 변인들을 보다 잘 이해하기 위하여 자결성 이론의 하위 개념들과 단계적변화모형의 변화의 단계 개념간의 관련성을 확인하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 서울시 노원구에 거주하는 성인 441명 (남자: 323, 여자: 118)이 연구참여자로 선정되어 본 연구에 참여하였으며, 이들의 신체활동 단계와 그와 관련된 심리적 변인들은 운동행동 변화단계 질문지, 행동규제질문지-2, 운동감질문지에 의해 측정되었다. 결과에 따르면, 행동규제의 모든 하위변인들은 신체활동의 단계와 유의한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 심리적 욕구의 모든 하위변인들 또한 운동행동의 각 단계에 걸쳐 유의한 평균차이가 있는 것으로 보고되었다. 행동규제의 하위변인들은 신체활동의 단계를 판별하는데 있어 유의하게 작용하는 것으로 분석되었으며, 전체적으로 행동규제의 하위변인들은 신체활동의 단계를 예측하는데 있어 79.3%의 판별력을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 신체활동의 단계를 판별하는데 있어 심리적 욕구의 하위변인들도 유의한 것으로 나타났으며, 전체적으로 92.1%의 판별력을 가지는 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구는 신체활동 수준을 향상시키는데 초점을 둔 처치전략을 마련하는데 있어 동기적 속성의 중요성에 대한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있다.
Abstract
In order to better understand the motivational variables influencing the adoption and adherence of physical activity, the present study aimed at identifying the relationships between the sub-constructs of self-determination theory and the stages of change construct. A total of 441 adults who reside in Nowon-gu, Seoul were recruited as a study participant, and their physical activity and the related motivational variables were measured by Stage of Change Scale for Exercise, Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2, and Activity Feeling Scale. Results indicated that all sub-constructs of SDT were significantly related to the stages of physical activity, and that there were the substantial mean differences in all sub-constructs of psychological need among each stage of physical activity. The sub-variables of behavioral regulation and psychological need were significant in classification of the stages of physical activity (entirely 79.3% and 92.1% of classification power, respectively). The findings obtained from this study provide basic data about the importance of motivational attributes in designing the intervention strategies aimed at improving the level of physical activity.
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