虚空蔵菩薩・星神・大避大明神の置換構造と十三日講 - 「明宿集」における芸能神の置換構造から -

Abstract

The Hata clan(秦氏) crossed the sea and came to Japan from Shilla in the Tumulus period.　HATA-no-Kawakatsu(秦河勝) was an important member of the Hata clan. He played an active part in the time of Prince Shotoku(聖徳太子),as an aide of Prince Shotoku. The medieval entertainment people ─Noh(能)players and court musicians(伶人)─ believed that HATA-no-Kawakatsu had created entertainment for the first time, and he was their ancestor. They worshiped him as a god of entertainment─Osake-Daimyogin. KONPARU Zenchiku(金春禅竹)was an excellent Noh player, an excellent author of Noh and an outstanding Noh Theorist In the 15 century. He wrote ““Meisyukushu”(明宿集). He insisted that Okina(翁─old man in Nho = Star gods─especially god of Polaris = the god of Sumiyoshi(住吉神) ＝ Virgin Bodhisattva ＝ Osake-Daimyogin. He said that Virgin Bodhisattva is a Bodhisattva on the 13th. On 13th January 1377, people in Yano-manor(矢野荘)gathered on the association held on the 13th of every month(十三日講)on the Osake shrine(大避神社)in shimodoi(下土井), wakasano(若狭野), Aioi city(相生市), Hyogo Prefecture. They ran away from the maner the next dai. This is a famous incident, but the association remains unclear. The Osake shrine in sakoshi(坂越), Akoi city(赤穂市), Hyogo Prefecture is the main shrine of all Osake shrines in west Harima(西播磨), Hyogo Prefecture. It is a shrine that worships Osake-Daimyogin. Myokenji-temple(妙見寺)is in the backyard of the shrine. The temple had been the Bettoji(別当寺)which ruled the shrine until the Edo period. They have the same faith structure. The temple worships Virgin Bodhisattva that is also a bodhisattva of Venus and Myoken Bodhisattva(妙見菩薩)that is a bodhisattva of Polaris. I find the substitution structure Osake-Daimyogin = Myoken Bodhisattva = Virgin Bodhisattva.　And the association held on the 13th of every month worshiped Virgin Bodhisattva that is a Bodhisattva on the 13th = Myoken Bodhisattva = Osake-Daimyogin.