감마선 조사에 따른 염료의 색소 변이 연구
Variation in Colourants of the Dyes by Gamma-ray Irradiation
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초록
최근 자연재해로 인해 회화류 작품과 기록물 등이 다수 침수되는 사례가 발생함에 따라 문화재 응급보존의 필요성이 대두되는데, 특히 침수피해의 경우 단시간 내 생물열화의 위험성으로 빠른조치가 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 생물방제법으로서 감마선을 선정하여 회화 및 복식류의 바탕이 되는 천연염료에 조사선량을 달리 적용하여 안정성을 평가하였다. 천연염료는 소목, 치자, 쪽을선정하였으며 각각의 색소 표준물질에 대한 시료도 함께 제작하여 감마선 조사 전후 색차를 확인하고 UV-Vis 및 LC-MS의 스펙트럼 분석을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 감마선 조사 10 kGy부터 염료가분해되는 양상을 확인할 수 있었으며, 50 kGy는 염료 성분이 검출되지 않아 염료의 발색단이 분해됨에 따라 성질이 변이된 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 데이터가 추후 염직물을 대상으로한 감마선의 영향 연구에 기초 자료로써 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대하며, 추후 염료의 색소 성분을보존할 수 있도록 저선량에서의 영향 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The emergency conservation of historical objects is necessary because several instancesin which paintings and records were flooded owing to unusual weather conditions have recently beenreported. Early action is especially important in preventing biodeterioration in case of flood damage. In this study, the feasibility of using gamma rays as a biological control method was assessed. Materialstability was evaluated by applying different irradiation doses to natural dyes used in historicalpaintings and costumes. Sappan wood, gardenia fruit, and indigo were selected and prepared as naturaldye samples using standard colorant materials. The fading behavior of the samples was analyzed bymeasuring their CIE L*a*b* color space values, and UV-Vis spectroscopy and liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to obtain their spectra. We confirmed that the dyesbegan to decompose upon exposure to gamma rays at a dose of 10 kGy. Irradiation at a dose of50 kGy led to the complete decomposition of the chromophoric groups because the dye componentscould not be detected by LC-MS. Therefore, studying the influence of low-dose gamma-ray irradiationis necessary to preserve dye colorants. The data obtained in this study can be used as a foundationfor further research on the influence of gamma rays on historical objects.
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