소크라테스 재판의 재구성 - 예비적 연구 1 － 재판관련문헌의 역사성 －
Reconstruction of the Trial of Socrates in legal and historical contexts: － Preliminaries (1) - The Historicity of Socratic Sources －
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Socrates was tried and executed by an Athenian Court in B.C. 399. Ever since, the trial of Socrates was an continuously inspiring thema for most intellectuals including philosophers and historians. Why was he convicted? Was he actually guilty or innocent(in legal or philosophical sense)? Socrates was found guilty, but his hubris defense caused the jurors to sentence him to death: judicial suicide rather than judicial killing. The aim of my study is to reconstruct the trial of Socrates in legal and historical contexts. There is the changing ideological explanation of the contexts of Socrates' trial. First in this paper I will discuss the historicity of the Socratic sources. As well known, Socrates wrote nothing, but we have many Socratic dialogues delivered by his disciples. As for the trial of Socrates we have three reliable sources of documents. The value of Plato's and Xenophon's writings about Socrates has been disputed since 19th century as a historical source for the philosophy of Socrates. Many believes that Plato's Apology provides a accurate historical Socrates than his other dialogues. Xenophon's philosophical inability provides rather than prevents a solid evidence for the attempt at reconstructing of trial of Socrates. Aristophanes' Clouds offers also a reliable historical source, because it was published during Socrates' life-time. But he describes Socrates as a natural philosopher and sophist. The plausible interpretation is, Clouds provides authentic portrait of the historical Socrates in his mid-life.
Abstract
Socrates was tried and executed by an Athenian Court in B.C. 399. Ever since, the trial of Socrates was an continuously inspiring thema for most intellectuals including philosophers and historians. Why was he convicted? Was he actually guilty or innocent(in legal or philosophical sense)? Socrates was found guilty, but his hubris defense caused the jurors to sentence him to death: judicial suicide rather than judicial killing. The aim of my study is to reconstruct the trial of Socrates in legal and historical contexts. There is the changing ideological explanation of the contexts of Socrates' trial. First in this paper I will discuss the historicity of the Socratic sources. As well known, Socrates wrote nothing, but we have many Socratic dialogues delivered by his disciples. As for the trial of Socrates we have three reliable sources of documents. The value of Plato's and Xenophon's writings about Socrates has been disputed since 19th century as a historical source for the philosophy of Socrates. Many believes that Plato's Apology provides a accurate historical Socrates than his other dialogues. Xenophon's philosophical inability provides rather than prevents a solid evidence for the attempt at reconstructing of trial of Socrates. Aristophanes' Clouds offers also a reliable historical source, because it was published during Socrates' life-time. But he describes Socrates as a natural philosopher and sophist. The plausible interpretation is, Clouds provides authentic portrait of the historical Socrates in his mid-life.
참고문헌 (19)
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