성격특성이 소비자 독특성 욕구에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Personality Traits on the Need for Consumers' Uniqueness
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초록
본 연구는 계층적 성격이론에 근거하여 독특성 욕구에 영향을 미치는 성격특성변수들에 대하여 탐구하였다. 연구결과 독특성 욕구에 직접적인 영향을 주는 선행 특성변수는 인지 욕구, 사교성, 감정적 불안정성, 물질욕구, 신체욕구로 밝혀졌다. 인지욕구, 감정적 불안정성, 물질욕구, 신체욕구는 독특성 욕구에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 반면, 사교성은 독특성 욕구에 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 달리 말하면, 독특성 욕구가 높은 사람은 인지 욕구와 물질욕구가 높고, 자신의 몸을 향 상시키고 유지하려는 신체적 욕구가 높으나 비사교적이고 감정적으로 불안정한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 일처리의 신중함, 경험에의 개방성, 자극추구욕구도 복합특성인 인지 욕구를 통하여 독특성 욕구에 간접적으로 긍정적인 영향을 주는 선행 특성변수임이 확인되었다. 독특성 욕구에 대한 계층적 성격이론 접근은 독특성 욕구에 영향을 미치는 성격특성들을 구조적으로 밝혀주기 때문에 보다 정확하게 소비자의 행동을 이해할 수 있게 해준다. 또한 차별화된 신제품이나 경쟁제품과 비교하여 독특한 이미지를 가진 제품의 마케터는 본 연구결과에 근거하여 브랜드 퍼스낼리티(brand personality)나 광고메시지의 개발, STP 전략을 수립할 수 있다.
Abstract
This study analyzed personality trait antecedents of consumers' need for uniqueness applying the 3M model(Metatheoretic Model of Motivation and Personality). The result revealed the trait antecedents of the need for uniqueness are the need for learning, agreeability, emotional instability, the material needs, and the need for body resources. The need for learning, emotional instability, material needs, and the need for body resources have positive effects on the need for uniqueness, but agreeability has negative effect on the need for uniqueness. In other words, consumers who are high in the need for uniqueness have high need for learning and material needs, and they like to maintain and enhance their body. However, they are emotionally instable and not kind to others. Additionally, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and the need for arousal have indirect effects on the need for uniqueness through the need for learning. Applying the 3M model to the consumers' need for uniqueness provides more fundamental and structural insight on understanding consumer behaviors. This results give some marketing implications for development of brand personality, advertisement message, and STP strategy.
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