제2차 레바논전쟁의 전쟁사적 함의
The Second Lebanon War and Its Historical Implication
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2006년에 발생한 제2차 레바논 전쟁은 34일간에 걸친 비교적 짧은 가건의 전쟁이었지만 그 충격은 컸다. 전쟁의 승패 요인 분석도 중요하지만 더욱 핵심적인 논의는 이 전쟁의 전쟁사적 함의였다. 첫째, 이 전쟁으로 인해 그동안 거의 모든 선진 군대가 추구하던 ‘효과중심작전’(EBO)이 사망선고를 받게 되었다. 둘째, 지상군의 역할과 임무에 대해서 심각하게 재고려하게 되었다. 마지막으로 새로운 전쟁수행방식인 ‘하이브리드 전쟁’(Hybrid War)에 대한 논의가 급증하고, 이를 바탕으로 각국의 군대는 이를 각자의 실정에 맞게 적용하기 시작하였다.
Abstract
The Second Lebanon War in 2006 lasting a short period of 34 days presents some tremendous impacts on history of war. This Israel-Hezbollah conflict started with a raid and kidnapping of Israeli soldier by the Hezbollah units and expanded to a war with the Israel's retaliation. The way of war conducted by both sides was somewhat different between two unbalanced actors - one a state with top-ranked military power in the region, the other a group of militants with small guerilla forces, and in the end Israel did not achieve its war aim while Hezbollah earned what it intented - survival. After the war ended, two questions have caught researchers and military professionals who seek lessons. One is what happened, and the other is what impact this war left on history. This paper focuses on the second subject and draws three conclusions. First, it has bees apparent that the effect-based operations(EBO) alone not bring a win or success. Aa a result, US military declared in 2008 it would not rely on EBO doctrine anymore. Second, it became a leap-board to the ground forces which had been neglected since the Gulf War. Many states began to reconsider the mission and role of the ground forces. Lastly, The 2006 Lebanon War inspires the debates on the 'new' way of warfare and brings a 'new' discourse of the hybrid war to the history of war.
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