구조방정식 모델을 활용한 사회 집단간 갈등이 시민의 불공정 및 보완제도 인식에 미치는 영향 연구
A Study on Effects of the Conflict Between Social Groups on Citizens’ Perception of Unfairness and Inequality Compensation System through Structual Equation Model
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초록
일반적으로 국가 및 사회 내에서 불공정 및 불평등 해소를 위해서는 국가 차원에서 사회적 약자그룹에 대한 복지를 강화할 필요성에 의심에 여지가 없었다. 하지만 2020년대부터 국내에서는 MZ 세대 중심으로 공정에 대한 이슈가 크게 부각됨에 따라 약자그룹에 대한 국가적인 지원에 대한 회의적인 시각이 적지 않은 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 사회 내에서 집단간의 갈등이 시민들이 느끼는 불공정에 대한 인식과 불정공 혹은 불평등을 감소시키기 위한 복지제도의 필요성 인식에 미치는 영향을 구조방정식모델을 통해 정량적으로 알아보는 것이다. 구조방정식모델 구축 및 실행을 위해 국내 성인 5,100명의 설문조사가 활용되었으며, 결과는 통계적으로 분석되었다. 분석결과 집단간의 갈등이 증대되면 사회 불공정에 대한 인식과 복지제도 필요성에 대해 공감하는 인식이 증대되었다. 하지만 사회 불공정에 대한 인식이 증대될수록 사회적 약자에 대한 복지제도의 필요성에 대한 공감은 오히려 감소하였다. 이는 MZ 세대가 사회 구성원의 주축으로 증대됨에 따라 사회적 그룹간의 경제적, 지위적 갈등이 심화되고 불공정으로 이어지더라도 현실적으로 사회적 약자에게 제약없이 많은 혜택을 부여하는 것은 불공정으로 인식될 수 있다는 겻을 함의한다.
Abstract
In general, there was no doubt about the need to strengthen the welfare for socially disadvantaged groups at the national level in order to eliminate unfairness and inequality within the nation or society. As the issue of fairness within the MZ generation since the 2020s has been greatly highlighted in Korea, there are a few skeptical views on national support for the underprivileged group. In this study, the impact of conflict between groups in society on citizens’ perception of injustice and the recognition of the need for a welfare system to reduce injustice or inequality is quantitatively investigated through a structural equation model(SEM). A survey of 5,100 domestic adults was used to establish and run the SEM, and the results were statistically analyzed. As a result of the analysis, when conflicts between groups increased, awareness of social injustice and sympathy for the necessity of welfare systems increased. However, as awareness of social injustice increased, sympathy for the need for a welfare system for the socially underprivileged rather decreased. This results mean that as the MZ generation increases as the main axis of society, economic and status conflicts between social groups intensify and even if it leads to unfairness, giving many benefits to the socially underprivileged without restrictions can be perceived as unfair.
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