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한국판 Perth 정서 반응성 척도의 타당화

Validation of the Korean Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale

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초록

본 연구는 부정 및 긍정 정서의 반응성을 나란히 평가하는 한국판 Perth 정서 반응성 척도(K-PERS)를 타당화 하려 한다. 정서 반응성은 정서 자극에 대해 민감하며, 강하고, 오래가는 반응을 보이는 특성이다. 정신병리와 관련되어서 주로 부정 정서 반응성의 역기능적 측면이 주목을 받았는데, 최근에는 긍정 정서 반응성의 특성을 밝히려는 연구들이 이뤄지고 있다. 3개 표집에 걸친 1,109명(표집 A 400명, B 348명, C 361명)의 사이버대생을 대상으로 K-PERS, 정서 반응성 척도(ERS), 경계선 성격 장애 척도(PAI-BOR), 양극성 스펙트럼 진단 척도(BSDS), 내적 상태 척도(ISS), 역학연구 우울 척도(CES-D), 단축판 정서적 불안정성 척도(ALS-SF), 다차원 충동성 척도(UPPS-P)의 긍정 및 부정 긴급성 척도, 자해 행동 척도(SHI) 등을 온라인으로 실시했다. K-PERS의 요인구조를 밝히기 위해 원저자의 6요인 구조에 대한 확인적 요인분석을 하였으나 적합도가 지지되지 않았다. 이에, 긍정 및 부정 정서 반응성으로 나누어 탐색적 구조방정식을 이용하여 요인분석을 하였다. 그 결과, 긍정 PERS는 내생성, 외생성, 열렬성 긍정 반응성의 3요인 구조로, 부정 PERS는 단일 요인구조로 나타났다. 긍정 및 부정 PERS는 ERS와 예측한 방향의 상관을 보여 수렴 타당도가 지지되었다. 부정 PERS는 경계선 성격, 과거 및 현재의 양극성 증상, 우울, 긍정 및 부정 긴급성, 정서적 불안정성, 자해 행동 등과 정적 상관을 보여 공존 타당도가 확인되었다. 반면에 긍정PERS는 현재의 조증 증상과 정적 상관을 보였으나, 기대와 다르게 경계선 성격, 정서적 불안정성, 긍정 긴급성과는 상관을 보이지 않았고, 부정 긴급성 및 자해와는 오히려 부적 상관을 보여서 취약성보다는 자원 변인에 가까운 것으로 나타났다. K-PERS는 양호한 내적 일치도와 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 보였다. 끝으로 긍정 및 부정 정서반응성의 차별적인 기능에 대해 논의했으며, 현 연구의 한계와 향후 연구의 방향을 제시했다.

Abstract

Emotional reactivity(ER) refers to the trait of being sensitive, strong, and persistent in response to emotional stimuli. In relation to emotional disorders, the dysfunctional aspect of negative ER has drawn attention and studies have recently been conducted to identify the characteristics of positive ER. This study aimed to validate the Korean Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale(K-PERS), which measures positive and negative ER. A total of 1,109 cyber university students from three samples (A = 400, B = 348, and C = 361), participated in online surveys composed of the K-PERS, ERS, PAI-BOR, BSDS, ISS, CES-D, ALS-SF, UPPS-P, and SHI. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were conducted to identify the factor structure of the K-PERS. Positive PERS showed a three-factor structure of endogenous, exogenous, and enthusiastic reactivity, while negative PERS appeared as a single-factor structure. Convergent validity was supported by the positive and negative PERS scores, showing correlations in the directions predicted by the ERS. Negative PERS scores were positively correlated with borderline personality, bipolar symptoms, depression, positive and negative urgency, affective lability, and self-harm behavior, confirming concurrent validity. Positive PERS showed positive correlations with present bipolar symptoms. However, it did not show correlations with borderline personality, affective lability, or positive urgency, and showed negative correlations with negative urgency and self-harm, suggesting that positive ER might be closer to a resource variable than vulnerability. The K-PERS showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Finally, we discussed the mutually distinct characteristics of positive and negative ER and presented the limitations of the current study and directions for future research.

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