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한국인 긍정정서 반응 양식 척도 개발 및 타당화

Development and Validation of the Korean Response Styles to Positive Affect Scale

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주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 긍정정서 조절을 평가하는 기존 척도들의 한계를 보완하여 한국인의 정서 반응 특성을 반영한 새로운 긍정정서 반응 양식 척도를 개발하고 타당화하는 것이다. 연구 1에서는 척도의 예비문항을 선정하고 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하여 ‘긍정정서 억제’, ‘정서균형화’, ‘긍정성 강화’, ‘긍정정서 표현 절제’, ‘향유하기’, ‘긍정정서 비수용’의 6개 요인의 32개 문항을 최종 확정하였다. 연구 2에서는 확인적 요인분석을 통해 척도 요인구조의 적합성을 확인하였다. 또한, 한국인 긍정정서 반응 양식 척도의 하위요인들과 긍정정서 반응 척도(RPA), 정서조절질문지(ERQ), 긍정정서 조절 곤란 척도(DERS- Positive) 하위요인들의 상관관계를 통해 수렴타당도와 변별타당도를 확인하였다. 다음으로, 준거타당도 검증을 위해 우울(CES-D), 조증(ASRM), 주관적 안녕감(SWLS, ITAS)과 심리적 안녕감(PWBS)에 대해 한국인 긍정정서 반응 양식 척도가 유의한 설명력을 갖는지 확인하였다. 분석 결과, 우울, 조증, 주관적 안녕감, 심리적 안녕감에 대해 긍정정서 반응 양식의 하위요인들이 추가적인 설명력을 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 제언을 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study attempted to develop and validate the Korean Response Styles to Positive Affect Scale(K-RSPAS). In study 1, preliminary items were developed and analyzed by an exploratory factor analysis. The results indicated that the K-RSPAS consists of six factors: dampening positive affect, balancing affects, enhanced positivity, concerns over expression, savoring, and nonacceptance of positive affect. Internal reliability estimates of the six factors were sound and acceptable. In study 2, a series of analyse were conducted to examine the validity of the K-RSPAS. First, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed to confirm the six factor structure. The results provided support for structural validity of the scale. Second, the correlations between the K-RSPAS and the instruments tapping to emotion regulation-the Response to Positive Affect Scale (RPA), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Positive (DERS-Positive)-were calculated. The results offered evidence of convergent/discriminant validity estimates with some exceptions. Third, using regression analyses with concurrent measures of RPA, depressive symptom (CES–D), manic symptom (ASRM), subjective well-being (SWLS, ITAS), and psychological well-being (PWBS), incremental validity of the K-RSPAS were established. And the relationships between the K-RSPAS and the subscales of psychological well-being were examined. Finally, the implication and limitations of the study were discussed.

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