이공계열 대학생의 직업 결정 변화 유형에 영향을 미치는 요인
Factors Influencing the Types of Vocational Decision Changes of Natural and Engineering Sciences College Students
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 1년 전후의 직업 결정 여부를 결합하여 이공계열 대학생의 직업 결정 변화를 유형화하고, 개인심리적 요인, 대학생활적응 요인, 대학진로교육 요인이 직업 결정 유형에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 탐색하는 데 있다. 이를 위해, 한국교육고용패널Ⅱ의 6차년도 데이터를 활용하여, 다중 로지스틱 분석을 하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이공계열 대학생의 직업 결정 변화를 미결정 지속형, 신규 결정형, 결정 번복형, 결정 지속형의 4개로 유형화하였다. 둘째, 개인심리적 요인 중에서 성별, 전공계열, 사회적 지위, 대학생활적응 요인 중에서 학과 및 대학 만족도, 그리고 대학진로교육 요인 중 취창업동아리 만족도는 직업 결정 유형에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 자기 이해, 현장연계 활동 만족도와 진로상담 멘토링 만족도가 높을수록 미결정 지속형보다 신규 결정형과 결정 지속형에 속할 확률이 증가하였고, 학업성적과 진로/취업 교과목 만족도가 높을수록 결정 지속형에 속할 확률이 감소하면서 결정 번복형에 속할 확률이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 기반으로, 이공계열 대학생을 위한 진로교육은 진로 결정 유형별로 차별화하여 제공할 것을 제안하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to classify the vocational decision changes among natural and engineering college students by combining the vocational decision status before and after approximately one year, and to explore how individual psychological factors, college adaptation factors, and university career education factors influence the types of vocational decisions. To achieve this, multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted using data from the 6th wave of the Korean Education and Employment Panel II. The research findings are as follows. Firstly, the vocational decision changes among natural and engineering college students were categorized into four types: undecided persistence type, new decision type, decision reversal type, and decision persistence type. Secondly, gender, major field of study, social status of individual psychological factors, and major and university satisfaction of college adaptation factors, as well as satisfaction with entrepreneurship clubs of university career education factors, were found not to influence the types of vocational decisions. However, higher levels of self-understanding, satisfaction with field-linked activities, and satisfaction with career counseling mentoring were associated with an increased likelihood of belonging to the new decision type and decision persistence type compared to the undecided persistence type. Conversely, higher academic performance and satisfaction with career-related courses were associated with a decreased likelihood of belonging to the decision persistence type, while increasing the likelihood of belonging to the decision reversal type. Based on these research findings, it is suggested to provide career education tailored to the vocational decision types for science and engineering college students.
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