Kamaiyas in Nepal and the Role of ex‐Kamaiyas in the Development of Western Nepal
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For years, the landlords in Nepal have suppressed the main factor of production in agriculture. The “Kamaiya” system is a form of bonded labor and the decision on July 17, 2000 not only declared the end of the bondage, but it also put the ex‐Kamaiyas in an equal position with the landlords in the social hierarchy. This article reviews the situation of ex‐Kamaiyas before and after their freedom. Social exploitation and unequal income distribution by the landlords invited conflict in the region and finally, in the year 2000, the government declared freedom for the ex‐Kamaiyas and held the system illegal. However, after the passing of several years the social and economic situation has not changed significantly. Social and economic freedom has yet to come to these people; somehow they are still attached to the old kind of problems. This paper highlights some socio‐economic indicators and analyses the role of ex‐Kamaiyas in the development process of the region and further suggests that ex‐Kamaiyas are a potential of the region and that they should not be neglected even if they belong to a minority. Finally, it discusses some areas where intervention should be done to provide a better life to ex‐Kamaiyas.
Abstract
For years, the landlords in Nepal have suppressed the main factor of production in agriculture. The “Kamaiya” system is a form of bonded labor and the decision on July 17, 2000 not only declared the end of the bondage, but it also put the ex‐Kamaiyas in an equal position with the landlords in the social hierarchy. This article reviews the situation of ex‐Kamaiyas before and after their freedom. Social exploitation and unequal income distribution by the landlords invited conflict in the region and finally, in the year 2000, the government declared freedom for the ex‐Kamaiyas and held the system illegal. However, after the passing of several years the social and economic situation has not changed significantly. Social and economic freedom has yet to come to these people; somehow they are still attached to the old kind of problems. This paper highlights some socio‐economic indicators and analyses the role of ex‐Kamaiyas in the development process of the region and further suggests that ex‐Kamaiyas are a potential of the region and that they should not be neglected even if they belong to a minority. Finally, it discusses some areas where intervention should be done to provide a better life to ex‐Kamaiyas.
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