황해도 굿춤의 원리와 형식성 고찰
Principles and Forms of Hwanghae Provincial Shamanic Dance
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황해도굿춤은신앙행위, 의례집행자, 의례공간이제대로갖추어졌을때에비로소생성된다. 이때의굿춤은신령의영험력을인간삶에도움이되도록유도하기위한의례진행의중요한요소이다. 황해도굿춤은손놀림, 몸굴림, 발디딤의삼요소에의해전형화되어진아홉가지기법에의해창출되어지는데그것들은손놀림의양사위, 양우선, 몰아치기, 몸굴림의굴리기, 좌우치기, 들치기, 발디딤의연(連) 기법, 회(回)기법, 도(跳) 기법등이다. 본글에서밝혀진황해도굿춤의종류는총35종이며이들은앞서논한구기법원리에의해이루어지고있다. 황해도굿춤은신의행동이나지시를전달또는말을표현할뿐만아니라신을기쁘게만들고무당자신의흥을돋우는기능을가진다. 그리고예술적인감각을조건화하지않는그야말로인간본질의내면에서우러나는미적표현양식이우선시된다. 즉예술적인미의감각을삽입시켜남에게보여주려는춤이아니라무당이신과자연스럽게공감대를형성하면서만들어내는자연적표현들로써 무당 자신의 어떠한 목적 달성에 도달 하도록 하기 위한 자기 춤이고 신격의 춤인 것이다.
Abstract
Hwanghae Provincial Shamanic dance differs from professional artistic dance. Its authenticity is dependent upon the three conditions of a religious purpose, a shaman as the performer, and the performance occurring at a ritual shrine in order to be a trueshamanic dance. The actual purpose of shamanic dance in the shamanic ritual of Hwanghae Province is to invoke the spiritual power of shamanic god into the events of people's daily life. The shamanic dance of Hwanghae Provincial shamanic ritual has three technical models of movement for dance, including hand moving, body rolling, and foot stepping. There are nine techniques of shamanic dance which are yangsawi(양사위), yanguseon(양우선), molachigi(몰아치기) in the hand movement, guligi(굴리기), jwauchigi(좌우치기), deulchigi(들치기) in the body rolling, and yeon(연) techniques, hoi(회) techniques, and do(도) techniques in the foot stepping. Hwanghae Provincial shamanic ritual has 35 different kinds of ritual dances. All of these dances are using the models and techniques which I mentioned previously. The function of Hwanghae Provincial Shamanic dance manifests in many ways, including: movement through the action of god, delivering a message from gods to the people, making godshappy, and a shaman raising excitement in herself or himself. Hwanghae Provincial shamanic dance doesn't require artistic value rather, it reflects the inner spiritual value of a shaman. Therefore, Hwanghae Provincial shamanic ritual dance is not a performance for artistic showing. It is for a communicative purpose between a shaman and gods, directed toward the function of attainment of specific goals or outcomes which people want to derive from spiritual power.