한국과 해외의 초등교원양성체제 변천 과정 비교 분석

Abstract

This thesis examines the history of elementary school teacher training systems in Korea, the U.S., Japan, and France, and the development of some elementary school teacher training colleges in the U.S. and Japan. Through this, implications for the development direction of Korea's elementary school teacher training system, that is, universities of education, were discussed. In the United States, as teachers' schools developed into teachers' colleges and universities, universities have developed into an open education system that trains elementary school teachers. In the case of Japan, there are many cases in which teachers' schools were consolidated into educational institutions similar to those of Korea's Kyowon University. However, due to limitations in university operation, etc., it has developed into a semi-university by opening and operating general departments such as humanities and social sciences instead of the faculty training department. As a result, it seems that it has the character of an open-bred system. A small number of universities (University of Tsukuba, former Tokyo University of Education) have developed into comprehensive research universities, and there are also cases where they have developed into universities that focus on pedagogical research along with teacher training. In France, primary and secondary teacher training has been promoted through an integrated two-year master's degree program. In the process, the 2-year master's degree program has been operated as 1 (subject education) year + 1 year (on-site apprenticeship teacher), so it is actually a 3-year bachelor's course, 1-year subject education, and 1-year on-the-job training system. In the first year of the master's degree, if candidates do not pass the teacher admission test, they can complete the master's degree and advance into other fields. North Korea seems to be the only educational university system that separates and trains only elementary school teachers like South Korea. In North Korea, elementary school teachers are trained at the three-year Teachers College. According to the global trend in the future, it is necessary for South Korea to develop into a comprehensive teacher training system through integration with Regional National Universities rather than integration between Teachers Colleges.