『爾雅ㆍ釋詁』의 通用字 小考
The study on Tongyongzi of 『EryaㆍShigu』
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Abstract
One of the reasons why we face difficulty while reading an old book is Tongyongzi which was used indiscreetly in “Qin Han Dynasity”. Tongyongzi means two or many different compatible characters. Ancient people mingled either consonantly or meaningly similar characters as Chinese language norm was not emphasized and number of characters was limited. Furthermore, people mingled “Muzi” and “Fenhuazi” customarily although characters were branched in order to avoid complication from one character’s being used as not only Jiajieyi but also Yinshenyi. Tongyongzi is about similarity of consonant and meaning, and differentiation and combination of characters. Therefore characters of Tongjia, Gujinzi, Tongyuan and Yitizi relation can be interpreted as Tongyongzi. This article studies ten characters which were used differently at each woodblock among those which were written in the first chapter, Shigu, of Chinese oldest dictionary, Erya. Although number of Tongyongzi used in Shigu was thirteen, three characters which was impossible to search for a letter from a dictionary were excluded. After analyzing ten characters and their Tongyongzi of Shigu, Tongyongzi was compsed with Tongjiazi, Gujinzi, and Tongyuanzi excluding Yitizi although Tongjiazi, Gujinzi, Tongyuanzi and yitizi were all included in Tongyongzi as mentioned above. This article will devide ten characters of Shgu, Erya, into Tongjiazi, Gujinzi, and Tongyuanzi and analyze relation between characters.
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