물고기 꽁치, 정어리 어원 연구

Abstract

The name of saury is known to originate from the ‘hole’ near the gill. It is known that sardines are named after their name, which is because they feel ‘dizzy’ eating them. This derivation is logically a fallacy. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the etymology based on the nomenclature of fish names, characteristics of fish, phonological changes, etc. The results of studying the name of saury are as follows : First, ‘Gonchi, Gong-eo, Gongjeok-eo, Gongchi-eo’ transcribes to our proper Korean language ‘Gongchi’ by borrowing the sounds of Chinese characters. ‘Sangbi-eo’, ‘Chim-eo’ transcribes to the ‘Hak-Kongchi’ by borrowing the meanings of Chinese characters. Second, The etymology associated with the hole is an error. Because there is no item related to the public interest in Jong Yak-Yong's 《Aeongakbi》, and there is no hole in saury. Third, the etymology of ‘hole’ is a misinterpretation of ‘Gong[孔]’ borrowed from the sound of Chinese characters as the meaning of Chinese characters. Fourth, ‘Gongchi’ is originally interpreted as ‘*Goch[串]+-chi[魚]’. ‘goch[곶]’ is a word meaning ‘skewer’ and ‘-chi[치]’ is a affix to a fish. Its root can be reconstructed as a fish that looks like a skewer. ‘Goch-chi’ is realized as ‘Gochi’ by omitting the ‘ʧ(ㅈ)’ of the first syllable, since ‘ʧ(ㅈ)’ and ‘ʧʰ(ㅊ)’ are the same palatal sounds. ‘Gochi’ appears as ‘Gonchi’ because of the phonological phenomenon in which ‘n(ㄴ)’ is added before the palatal sounds. ‘Gongchi’ is realized as ‘Gongchi’ because of the phonological phenomenon where ‘n(n)’ and ‘ŋ(o)’ are replaced. The results of studying the name of sardines are as follows : First, ‘Jeung-eol, Jeung-ul, Jeung-eol-eo’ transcribes to our proper Korean language by borrowing the sounds of Chinese characters. Second, It is an error to say that it was named because it felt dizzy after eating a fish of the origin mentioned in [u-hae-i-eo-bo]. Because the notation of Chinese characters is different between ‘Jeung-eol(魚烝 魚蘖,曾櫱)’ and ‘Jeung-ul(蒸鬱)’. Third, sardines are similar to anchovies, but dot marks appearing at regular intervals beside the body are distinguished from anchovies. These dot marks are recognized as the scale of the scale. Fourth, sardines are named as ‘jeo-ngul[衡]+-i’. This will later be pronounced as ‘jeong-u-ri’. It is the ‘Jeung-eol(魚烝 魚蘖,曾櫱)’, ‘Jeung-ul(蒸鬱)’ which it borrowed from the sounds of Chinese characters.