日本語の意見文における「譲歩」の形式と機能 –日本語母語話者と韓国人学習者の比較–

Abstract

This study examines forms and functions of concessions through statements of opinion written by Korean Japanese learners and Japanese native speakers. Japanese native speakers are slightly larger than Korean Japanese learners in terms of the entire numbers of occurrence of concession and the average numbers of occurrence. Japanese native speakers overwhelmingly use tashikani ‘certainly’ as a form of concession. This result is consistent with previous studies. However, Korean Japanese learners use mochiron ‘of course’ a lot as a form of concession. In fact, they never use tashikani. The reasons for this could be considered as followed: firstly, mochiron has loose co-occurrence unlike tashikani. Secondly, there is difference in strength of the nuance between mochiron in Korean and tashikani in Korean. In the case of darou, Japanese native speakers also use it a lot unlike Korean Japanese learners. Instead, Korean Japanese learners express it through the other modality forms or the bare statements. Japanese and Korean speakers show similar distribution in terms of function, however, Japanese native speakers are slightly more than Korean Japanese learners in terms of concession which is in confrontation with, whereas Korean Japanese learners are slightly more than Japanese speakers in terms of concession which expresses their own opinions. For the partial affirmation which is in confrontation with, we need to educate Korean Japanese learners presentation of the typical pattern by native speakers and corresponding language form, because (i) numbers of occurrences by the Korean Japanese learners come to only half of ones by Japanese speakers and (ii)misuses by the Korean Japanese learners also stand out. Moreover, for the entire denial which expresses their own opinions, there is only one case of the form that Japanese native speakers and Korean Japanese learners overlap and in this type of concession, Japanese native speakers’ favorite forms could be different from Korean Japanese learners’ favorite forms. However, further research needs to be done.