「敦煌二十詠」의 문학지리학적 고찰

Abstract

「Dunhuang twenty poems」(敦煌二十詠」) is also called as 「Dunhuang Gojeokamyoung」(「敦煌古跡卄詠」(. It’s a poetry song relating to geology, history and culture which sings about old track of Dunhuang area at that time among Dunhuang copy with a form of five Chinese characters with a style of Chinese verse. The document of 「Dunhuang twenty poems」 was found in the 6 copies and total 20 pieces exist. With a tense of each work, we can guess the characteristics of buildings and natural view of Dunhuang area. And in the contents of poetry song, it tells about nature and incidents, ethnic group and religion, politics and art and etc while affecting from Seohan to Mandang and crossing nearly 1000 years of time. The important meaning of 「Dunhuang twenty poems」 is that it becomes an important data of geological document. Its contents contain institutions and customs of Dunhuang area at that time and popular emotion and culture of people in Dunhuang area with everything untouched. If we take a look at natural geology of Dunhuang, it’s called as ‘oasis of a desert’ as most of it is formed with desert and mountain area and it’s integrated place of culture, art, transportation and economy through exchange of various ethnic groups. As Dunhuang played a role of gateway running through western region, it was strategic point to militarily expand territory with its special geological condition. Also as geopolitical place of Dunhuang was a central place of silkroad which played an important role of cultural exchange between east and west, Dunhuang area grew up as an international large city containing multi-cultural characteristics through continuous prosperity of trade. In after days, as it was known as ‘Dunhuang stone cave’ and ‘Dunhuang mural’, it became to have an importance of geological space running through western regions as the location of Mogao Caves, Okmungwan and Yanggwanseong. 「Dunhuang twenty poems」, which is literature sang about buildings and nature of Dunhuang area among Dunhuang copies that were found in Janggyeongdong of Mogao Caves, recorded nature and scenery from geological position of Dunhuang area at that time and, at the same time, it’s an important data to apprehend society and culture.