한・일 동사 연어의 대조연구 - 「다하다」와 「尽す・果す」를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The Korean verb “dahada” and its corresponding verbs “tsukusu” and “hatasu” in Japanese all share the properties of collocating with verbal nouns to create grammatical meaning, and by combining with functional verb, they form conventional collocations that in themselves form a singular meaning. In this study, the Korean verb “dahada” is contrasted with the Japanese verbs “tsukusu” and “hatasu” in how they collocate with various nouns, and the similarities and differences between the new meanings given by such collocations in each language are examined. In Japanese, the verb “hatasu,” meaning “completion,” and “tsukusu,” which indicates “emphasis,” both combine with nouns to create new meanings. However, the same nouns, when combined with each of the verbs, forms two distinct meanings, making them significantly unique. The Korean “dahada” differs in that it is both transitive and intransitive, a combination of the adverb “da” and the typical functional verb “hada.” “Dahada” is far broader in meaning than its corresponding Japanese verbs, going beyond “completion” and “emphasis” to also encompass the aspect of “termination.” While the Korean verb has a broader scope of meanings through its different collocations, the meaning of the verb itself is ambiguous. The aspect of “emphasis,” which corresponds to both “dahada” and “tsukusu,” reveals the functional meaning of these two verbs, showing an example of a close relationship between them that is based on typical collocations. In contrast, there is a severe limitation to the number of nouns that collocate across the board with “dahada,” “tsukusu,” and “hatasu.” This is also the case for corresponding constructions of “noun-(l)ul+dahada” and “noun-wo + hatasu.” Constructions where “noun-(l)ul+dahada” and “noun-wo+tsukusu” do not correspond to each other are characterized by differences in the meaning and usage of their preceding nouns. The same is true for the collocation of “noun-wo+hatasu” in Japanese, which does not correspond to “noun-(l)ul+dahada” when the Korean verb, “dahada,” is not combined with a noun containing a “completion” aspect.