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Mutual Consideration as a Principle for Doing Politeness

E. A. Aziz
동남아연구소 (Center for Southeast Asian Studies)|2006.02|동남아연구|제15권 제2호|pp. 185-231

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참고문헌

주제분류학제간연구

초록

Abstract

Mutual Consideration as a Principle for Doing PolitenessE Aminudin Aziz(Indonesia University of Education) There are various strategies used by people to show politeness in their language exchange, all of which are largely determined by the level of a speaker's perception about the potential risk of losing face resulted from his/her utterance. The provision of responses other than refusals to a request directed to a speaker at times his/her circumstances actually pressure him/her to make a refusal or refusing the request indirectly accompanied by a number of politeness markers can be regarded as examples of the speaker's strong willingness to maintain the (existing) harmony with the requester. In this paper, I will show how indirectness has become the norm for Indonesians when making refusals. This is clearly contrary to the claim made by non-Indonesians which often regard such a behavior as a sign of uncooperativeness and impoliteness. It appears that there are a number of cultural norms and values that govern their linguistic politeness behaviors which I shall formulate in a Principle of Mutual Consideration (PMC). Being a refinement to Grice's (1975) CP and to Leech's (1983) PP, PMC assumes three levels of politeness: pre-communicative politeness, on the spot politeness, and post-communicative politeness.

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