Indonesia’s Global Maritime Nexus and the Natuna Islands Incidents
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President Jokowi in Indonesia declared his new Global Maritime Nexus (GMN) policy in October 2014 as an underlying policy guideline for his administration. This GMN policy have five principles such as (1) rebuilding Indonesia’s maritime culture, (2) guarding and managing maritime resources, (3) developing of maritime infrastructure and connectivity, (4) enhancing maritime diplomacy, and (5) defending maritime sovereignty and security. The GMN policy highlights a reconceptualization of Indonesia’s interests as the world largest archipelagic country, which is geo-strategically located at the crossroads of major powers including USA, China, Japan, India, and Korea. The GMN policy has provided a momentum to reappraise Indonesia’s evolving diplomatic strategies. The implementation of GMN policy by the Jokowi administration triggered territorial disputes between Indonesia and China and among ASEAN countries because Indonesian government attempted to secure its maritime sovereignty through tough measures towards maritime border infringement of foreign vessels. In fact, Indonesian government seized and destructed more than 170 foreign vessels from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. As the implementation of GMN policy, Indonesia-China relationship deteriorated. The Jokowi administration seized Chinese fishing vessels which were operated in the Natuna Islands. Unlike previous governments, the incursion of Chinese fishing vessels is no longer tolerated. President Jokowi and his cabinet ministers alike criticize China’s border infringements. This tough measure highlighted the objective of GMN policy to secure maritime sovereignty and natural resources. Domestic political change in Indonesia induces diplomatic policy shift. The causality of Jokowi administration’s GMN policy and the mounting tensions in the Natuna Sea seems to be an obvious case of the Storey’s argument. Now the Jokowi administration intends to modernize military equipments, particularly Navy, to defend maritime interests. Indonesia’s balancing strategy will heighten tensions in the South China Sea and trigger diplomatic frictions with neighbour countries.
Abstract
President Jokowi in Indonesia declared his new Global Maritime Nexus (GMN) policy in October 2014 as an underlying policy guideline for his administration. This GMN policy have five principles such as (1) rebuilding Indonesia’s maritime culture, (2) guarding and managing maritime resources, (3) developing of maritime infrastructure and connectivity, (4) enhancing maritime diplomacy, and (5) defending maritime sovereignty and security. The GMN policy highlights a reconceptualization of Indonesia’s interests as the world largest archipelagic country, which is geo-strategically located at the crossroads of major powers including USA, China, Japan, India, and Korea. The GMN policy has provided a momentum to reappraise Indonesia’s evolving diplomatic strategies. The implementation of GMN policy by the Jokowi administration triggered territorial disputes between Indonesia and China and among ASEAN countries because Indonesian government attempted to secure its maritime sovereignty through tough measures towards maritime border infringement of foreign vessels. In fact, Indonesian government seized and destructed more than 170 foreign vessels from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. As the implementation of GMN policy, Indonesia-China relationship deteriorated. The Jokowi administration seized Chinese fishing vessels which were operated in the Natuna Islands. Unlike previous governments, the incursion of Chinese fishing vessels is no longer tolerated. President Jokowi and his cabinet ministers alike criticize China’s border infringements. This tough measure highlighted the objective of GMN policy to secure maritime sovereignty and natural resources. Domestic political change in Indonesia induces diplomatic policy shift. The causality of Jokowi administration’s GMN policy and the mounting tensions in the Natuna Sea seems to be an obvious case of the Storey’s argument. Now the Jokowi administration intends to modernize military equipments, particularly Navy, to defend maritime interests. Indonesia’s balancing strategy will heighten tensions in the South China Sea and trigger diplomatic frictions with neighbour countries.
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