밀의 공리주의에 있어서 쾌락의 질적 차이
The Qualitative Differences Between Pleasures in Mill's Utilitarianism
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초록
이 글은 질적 쾌락에 대한 밀의 이론을 탐구한다. 쾌락의 질적 차이를 확인하기 위한 가장 설득력 있는 방법은 ‘경험자의 선호’이다. 이들의 판단을 신뢰할 수 있는 이유는 그들이 가진 고급스러운 능력이다. 밀에 의하면, ‘유능한 판단자’의 판단은 그들이 가진 정신의 고급스러운 능력에 의존한다. ‘유능한 판단자’의 판단이 얼마나 설득력이 있는지는 밀이 이해하는 ‘쾌락’의 의미와 깊은 연관성을 갖는다. 그래서 이 글의 목적은 밀의 질적 공리주의를 폭 넓은 이해를 위한 하나의 시도로 ‘쾌락’의 의미와 속성 그리고 ‘유능한 판단자’를 탐구하는 것이다.
Abstract
Presented article explores Mill’s theory of qualitative pleasure. In order to identify the qualitative differences between pleasures, the most persuasive argument is the competent’s preferences. The reason that we trust their judgements is because they have mental higher capability. According to Mill, ‘the competent’s preferences’ depend on their higher capability. How persuasive ‘the competent’s preferences’ is is related to the meaning of ‘pleasure’ as Mill understands it. The purpose of this article is to explore the meaning and attributes of ‘pleasure’ and ‘the competent’ as an attempt to understand widely Mill’s qualitative pleasure.
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