『맹자(孟子)』「호연지기(浩然之氣)」장(章) 주석사의 전개 양상 연구 : 조기(趙岐)와 주희(朱熹)를 중심으로

Abstract

Zhao-qi and Zhu-xi form two axes in the development of the commentaries on the Vast-Flowing Material Force Chapter in Mencius. Importantly, the way of reading this chapter serves as a point that clearly shows the differences between Zhao-qi and Zhu-xi’s thoughts. Zhao-qi's reading method is that he interprets vast-flowing material force as force which is large, strong and straight. Zhao’s interpretation has been having enormous impact from the Song dynasty on the two Cheng brothers, until today on Professor Lao Sze-kwang. According to Zhao’s interpretation, the way of raising material force is then to reveal the inner material force as it is. Although this method is somewhat different from the two Cheng brothers’ one, the two Cheng brothers also set vast-flowing material force as perfect force in itself. Moreover, for them, confirming the inner principle is the key to raise vast-flowing material force. This method starts with the same premise as Zhao’s method does. On the other hand, Zhu-xi's reading method is that he does not view vast-flowing material force as something complete in itself. His standpoint had great influence on Yi-yi in the Chosun period. Under this viewpoint, the method of raising material force is then to completely expand the force by external norms. Neo-Confucianism in the Chosun period followed this method and extended the concept of vast-flowing material force from individual level to the level of national system. Furthermore, Yi-yi extends external norms to institutional level. It is believed that this kind of logic was developed from Zhu-xi’s thoughts.