<설국열차>와 <인터스텔라>를 통해 본 지구공학의 정치적·문화적 의의
The Political and Cultural Significance of Geoengineering in the Anthropocene in Snowpiercer and Interstella
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본 논문은 <설국열차>와 <인터스텔라>의 비교 분석을 통해 지구공학의 정치적, 문화적 의의를 고찰하고자 한다. 최근 인류세 위기를 해결할 현실적 대안으로 기후시스템을 의도적으로 바꾸어 기후변화에 대응하고자 하는 지구공학이 부상하고있다. <설국열차>에서는 태양복사관리기술을 이용하여 지구 환경을 조절하려던시도가 재앙으로 끝나는 모습을 통해 지구공학에 대한 비판적 시각을 견지하며 탈인간중심주의로의 전환을 주장하는 반면, 계몽주의적 휴머니즘의 연장선에 있는<인터스텔라>는 미국적 팽창주의와 소비자본주의적 가치를 옹호하며 지구공학의힘으로 기존의 체제를 고수하려는 정치적 보수성을 보인다. 인류세의 위기 앞에서지구공학에 내포된 정치성을 고찰하고, 변화의 가능성을 상상하려는 노력이 요구된다.
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyze Snowpiercer and Interstella to explore what significance geoengineering has in terms of politics and culture. Geoengineering, in spite of its technological defectiveness and devastating potential side effects, is emerging as a feasible solution for climate change. However, Snowpiercer shows a skeptical attitude in a fiasco of CW-7, solar radiation management technique. Moreover, geoengineering reveals fundamental problems in its anthopocentricism that it still presumes humankind is the only actor to deal with crisis in the Anthropocene. On the contrary, Interstella adheres to the belief in an independent and autonomous human subject to overcome environmental disasters. It is based on the American Frontier spirit that exhaustion of resource and social conflicts can be alleviated by expanding territory. American expansionism is involved with consumer capitalism to consider nature as an available resource for human use. Therefore, despite a optimistic ending for human future in the movie, it lacks a reflection on anthropocentric and materialistic modern civilization. Snowpiercer focuses on imagining the world beyond the closed door of the train, where it is free from human control. Survivors should learn to coexist with other creatures in the frozen earth and interweave new geostory with them.
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