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Contending Perspectives on Koguryo: A Fresh Look at China’s Northeast Project

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This paper attempts to discuss the controversy over the history of Koguryo and puts forward the argument that the it represents a clash between the resurgent Confucian wave and the related “restorationist nationalism” in contemporary China and the influence of De-Confucianised historiography of modern Korea. China sought to appropriate the legacy of Koguryo because its new nationalism is intended to legitimize the notion of not only a multi-ethnic Chinese state but also the uninterrupted continuity of the Chinese state in Northeastern region from the hoary antiquity. The paper argues that commencing from the Western Han period Koguryo emerged as a formidable rival of the Chinese state in Northeast Asia. Nationalist Korean historians of the early twentieth century, notably Shin Ch’ae-ho highlighted Koguryo and such heroes of this state as King Kwanggaet’o and Ulchi Mundok. Nationalist historiography of Korea contributed towards forging Korean nationalism, and it is remarkable that modern Korean nationalism de-emphasized the significance of the Sinocentric past of the country and stressed the role of Koguryo because it was noted for its belligerence and the relentless wars it fought against various Chinese states. Korean people displayed tremendous passion and fury at the Chinese attempt to appropriate Koguryo because their sense of national identity has fostered under the influence of nationalist historiography.

Abstract

This paper attempts to discuss the controversy over the history of Koguryo and puts forward the argument that the it represents a clash between the resurgent Confucian wave and the related “restorationist nationalism” in contemporary China and the influence of De-Confucianised historiography of modern Korea. China sought to appropriate the legacy of Koguryo because its new nationalism is intended to legitimize the notion of not only a multi-ethnic Chinese state but also the uninterrupted continuity of the Chinese state in Northeastern region from the hoary antiquity. The paper argues that commencing from the Western Han period Koguryo emerged as a formidable rival of the Chinese state in Northeast Asia. Nationalist Korean historians of the early twentieth century, notably Shin Ch’ae-ho highlighted Koguryo and such heroes of this state as King Kwanggaet’o and Ulchi Mundok. Nationalist historiography of Korea contributed towards forging Korean nationalism, and it is remarkable that modern Korean nationalism de-emphasized the significance of the Sinocentric past of the country and stressed the role of Koguryo because it was noted for its belligerence and the relentless wars it fought against various Chinese states. Korean people displayed tremendous passion and fury at the Chinese attempt to appropriate Koguryo because their sense of national identity has fostered under the influence of nationalist historiography.

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