일제강점기 「향교재산관리규칙」 연구

Abstract

Hyanggyo is the public education institution to spread the ideology of Confucianism as the national school which reforms local residents in the Joseon Dynasty. Hyanggo had the close relationship with local Yangban power was one of the country organizations which led opinions. Hyanggyo became an obstacle which changed the existing system to the new educational system due to antipathies to the new culture as the Joseon Dynasty became modern society after opening the port. This Hyanggyo got to change greatly in the period of Japanese colonial rule. Hyanggyo got instructions from the government and was controlled by it about all the issues in the period of Japanese colonial rule. In 1910, Japan made the government own Hyanggyo’s property by making Buyun(府尹) and governors(郡守) manage it through enforcement of 「The Hyanggyo property management regulations」. This rule was revised to be the Hyanggyo property management rule in Jun. 1920. The differences between two legislations are shown in expenses of estimated receipts. In 「The Hyanggyo property management regulations」, the property and income of Hyanggo should bear operation expenses of public primary schools. The public primary schools are the public educational institutions which educate the basics to the people. By the way, making local Hyanggo bear the operation expenses of these basic public educational institutions mean that the Japanese Government General of Korea never be interested in education of the Joseon Dynasty’s people. The Japanese Government General of Korea politically encouraged the pro-Japanese Confucian organizations under governors’hegemony on security of Hyanggo’s property in 1920s. This measure was done to use Hyanggo’s property in the projects which were conducted to block the social and racial movements and independence movements of the countries which had been violent since the March Fist Independence Movement. The Japanese Government General of Korea made its employees manage Hyanggo by sending them to it and operate it by making Jangeuhwoi(掌議會). Local community leaders were appointed because Jangeui was a honorary post. Japan made Jangeu the pro-Japanese group by bringing them over to it and granted Hyanggo’s specific roles to them. As for an actual example that Hyanggo’s property, sales of Hyanggoy’s property were approved only when it is necessary for colonial administrations inculding road-widening, cutting channels, carrying out countermeasures in a year, building the storing place of tobacco. The examples which sold Hyanggo’s property for the projects to build it or develop talented persons could not be found. Japan used Hynaggo’s property for the purpose that it needed. The Hyanggyo property management rule can be found to be one of the methods to size the Confucian world.