공포 소구에 의한 광고가 광고 태도에 미치는 영향: 분노, 사회규범, 효능감의 조절 효과를 중심으로
Factors Influencing Attitude toward Fear-Based Campaign: The Moderating Role of Anger, Social Norms, and Efficacies
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<배경 및 목적> 본 연구는 금연 캠페인의 공포 소구 효과에 미치는 개인적, 사회적 요인의 영향력을 연구하기 위하여 공포가금연 광고 태도에 미치는 영향력에서 분노, 사회규범과 자기 효능감, 반응 효능감의 조절 효과를 분석하였다. <방법> 연구를 위해 공익광고협의회의 금연 광고를 대상으로 하였으며, 흡연자 230명을 대상으로 온라인 설문 조사를 실시하였다. <결과> 연구 결과, 금연 광고에 대한 공포와 반응 효능감이 높아질수록 광고 태도에 정적 양(+)의 영향을, 분노가높아질수록 광고 태도에 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 공포가 광고 태도에 미치는 영향에서 분노의 조절 효과는 반응 효능감에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 구체적으로, 반응 효능감이 높은 수준에서 분노가공포가 광고 태도에 미치는 영향력을 조절하는 것으로 나타났으며, 반면에 반응 효능감이 낮을 때 분노가 공포가 광고 태도에 미치는 영향력을 조절하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 공포와 분노가 광고 태도에 미치는 영향이 자기 효능감과 사회규범에 따라 다르게 나타났다. <논의 및 결론> 본 연구는 공포 소구의 효과에서 공포와 분노라는 부정적 감정이 상호작용하는 과정에서 자기 효능감과 반응 효능감, 사회규범이 어떤 효과를 발생시키는지를 밝힘으로서 공포 소구의 효과가 미치는 과정을 차별적메커니즘을 통해 보여 주었다는 의의가 있다.
Abstract
<Objectives> This study investigated the role of personal and social factors including the dynamic relationships between fear, anger, social norms, and efficacies in determining the attitude toward a public anti-smoking campaign. <Methods> The survey involved 230 South Korean adults who are smokers. <Results> We found that an effective response to fear was positively associated with attitude toward the campaign whereas anger was correlated negatively. A further three-way interaction between fear, anger, and response efficacy determined the attitude, indicating that the effect of fear and anger on attitude was observed only in participants with a high response efficacy. We also found that self-efficacy attenuated the effect of fear on attitude while social norms moderated the effect of anger on attitude. <Conclusions> This study identifies self-efficacy, response efficacy, and social norms as determinants of attitude toward the campaign, and investigates the role of fear, which affects the attitude towards the anti-smoking campaign.
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