국어 온도 표현 어휘의 발달에 대하여
A Historical Study of Korean Temperature Words
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This paper considered how temperature words of Korean have changed and developed since Middle Korean. Middle Korean had a simple but well-ordered lexical system of temperature words. Throughout the modern period temperature words of Korean show the tendency to become more detailed and varied. Among warm sensory words, firstly, formal changes can be seen in the words with dat-/deut- roots. Temperature words that express a detailed difference of degree by addition of suffixes such as dasahada/deuseuhada, dasaropda, dasapda were formed. Also, Datdat-/deutdeut-, words formed by stem reduplication, underwent glottalization to become ddatdat-/ddeutdeut- in the modern period. From the glottalized ddeutdeut-, the new word ddeugeopda, which expresses the highest temperature of substances, was also formed. Deopda had previously expressed the highest temperature of both air and substances, but with the formation of ddeugeopda, deopda gradually lost the latter meaning. Also, meuyjigeunhada was newly formed as an expression of the lowest degree of warmth. Among cold sensory words, seonseonhada/syeonsyeonhada replaced seoneuseoneulhada, which was formed by stem reduplication and which expressed a medium temperature. The word chagapda was also formed as an analogy to the word ddeugeopda.
Abstract
This paper considered how temperature words of Korean have changed and developed since Middle Korean. Middle Korean had a simple but well-ordered lexical system of temperature words. Throughout the modern period temperature words of Korean show the tendency to become more detailed and varied. Among warm sensory words, firstly, formal changes can be seen in the words with dat-/deut- roots. Temperature words that express a detailed difference of degree by addition of suffixes such as dasahada/deuseuhada, dasaropda, dasapda were formed. Also, Datdat-/deutdeut-, words formed by stem reduplication, underwent glottalization to become ddatdat-/ddeutdeut- in the modern period. From the glottalized ddeutdeut-, the new word ddeugeopda, which expresses the highest temperature of substances, was also formed. Deopda had previously expressed the highest temperature of both air and substances, but with the formation of ddeugeopda, deopda gradually lost the latter meaning. Also, meuyjigeunhada was newly formed as an expression of the lowest degree of warmth. Among cold sensory words, seonseonhada/syeonsyeonhada replaced seoneuseoneulhada, which was formed by stem reduplication and which expressed a medium temperature. The word chagapda was also formed as an analogy to the word ddeugeopda.
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