『二十四詩品』과 18·19세기 朝鮮의 士大夫 文藝

Abstract

With emphasis on the influences of the Twenty-Four Categories of Poetry (二十四詩品, TCP hereafter), compiled by Sigong Tu (司空圖, 837-908) of Tang China, upon Korean literature, literary criticism and arts, this paper examines the way in which the TCP was introduced and appreciated in Chosŏn Korea. Introduced to Korea in the 1500s, the TCP, the book of poetics which was then greatly influential in the realm of literary criticism in China, attracted a number of Korean readers. This paper employs a new perspective that the TCP heavily influenced not only Korean poetics but also painting, calligraphy, seals, and even the Korean mode of living. This view, not posited yet by either Chinese or Korean scholars, is helpful to better understand the values of the TCP in the larger context. This paper first looks at the way in which Yun Ch’unnyŏn (尹春年, 1514-1567) introduced the TCP to Korea in the 1500s and its meaning. It also examines the situation in which the TCP was widely circulated in the 1700s, focusing on the publication of the Book of Sigong Tu’s Literary Criticism (司空圖詩品帖), written by Yi Kwangsa (李匡師, 1705-1777) and painted by Chŏng Sŏn (鄭敾, 1676-1759). Focusing on the continuing reading boom of the TCP among intellectual circles in the 1800s, led by Sin Wi (申緯, 1769-1845) and Kim Chŏnghŭi (金正喜, 1786-1856), this paper also discusses the expanding influences of the TCP upon literature, painting, and the mode of living in various forms of art. In a sense, the developmental trend of literature and art in late Chosŏn Korea was closely related to the wide circulation of the TCP among Korean elites.