1928년 식민지 조선 ‘병비충실’ 운동의 추이와 성격
The Progress and Characteristics of ‘Military Preparation Enhancement’ Movement 1928 in Colonial Korea
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The article examined the progress and characteristics of the ‘Military Preparation Enhancement’ movement in colonial Korea in 1928. Specifically, it was intended to organize the local community’s ‘Lobby for Military Camp’ into ‘voluntary’ public opinion of ‘the entire Joseon’ under the slogan ‘Military Preparation Enhancement.’ ‘Lobby for Military Camp’ was primarily conducted on an individual basis at the local level. However, with the intervention of the Governor-General, it began to strive for a unified public opinion organization for ‘the entire Joseon.’ The Governor-General gave specific instructions to the representative of the Pyongyang Chamber of Commerce regarding the movement’s direction. The move was intended to avoid the regional-level interest movement and instead focus on a ‘Military Preparation Enhancement.’ Additionally, he stated that this would enable the stationing of a division in Pyongyang. The Governor-General tried to organize it with ‘voluntary’ colonial public opinion backing the expansion of the Japanese Army by utilizing colonial Korea society's development needs. A new organization was formed in the Pyongyang area according to the direction of the Governor-General. In addition, the movement’s central area was relocated to Kyeongseong to expand its regional scope. Eventually, on June 1, 1928, a meeting with influential people from each region was held. Furthermore, the ‘Joseon Military Preparation Enhancement Supporting Association’ was formed to support the Army's armament expansion. The Governor-General of Joseon, the Prime Minister of Japan, and the military all responded immediately. However, both the ruling and opposition parties, including the Ministry of the Treasure, expressed disapproval, citing economic and political burdens. In the end, Joseon’s ‘Military Preparation Enhancement’ was not realized, and it only sought to strengthen security. On the one hand, there was a lot of criticism leveled at this movement. This pointed out the militaristic nature of the movement, and it was feared that this would hurt colonial rule. Conversely, there were instances of defending and rationalizing the militaristic nature of the ‘Military Preparation Enhancement’ movement. However, the voices of ordinary Koreans were largely excluded from public opinion. While the guise of Joseon’s ‘voluntary’ movement was established, the opinions of the Korean were subject to seizure and censorship. While providing an opportunity for the 'Military Preparation Enhancement' movement and pursuing the formation of militaristic public opinion, the colonial power actively excluded the Korean voices from ‘Joseon.’
Abstract
The article examined the progress and characteristics of the ‘Military Preparation Enhancement’ movement in colonial Korea in 1928. Specifically, it was intended to organize the local community’s ‘Lobby for Military Camp’ into ‘voluntary’ public opinion of ‘the entire Joseon’ under the slogan ‘Military Preparation Enhancement.’ ‘Lobby for Military Camp’ was primarily conducted on an individual basis at the local level. However, with the intervention of the Governor-General, it began to strive for a unified public opinion organization for ‘the entire Joseon.’ The Governor-General gave specific instructions to the representative of the Pyongyang Chamber of Commerce regarding the movement’s direction. The move was intended to avoid the regional-level interest movement and instead focus on a ‘Military Preparation Enhancement.’ Additionally, he stated that this would enable the stationing of a division in Pyongyang. The Governor-General tried to organize it with ‘voluntary’ colonial public opinion backing the expansion of the Japanese Army by utilizing colonial Korea society's development needs. A new organization was formed in the Pyongyang area according to the direction of the Governor-General. In addition, the movement’s central area was relocated to Kyeongseong to expand its regional scope. Eventually, on June 1, 1928, a meeting with influential people from each region was held. Furthermore, the ‘Joseon Military Preparation Enhancement Supporting Association’ was formed to support the Army's armament expansion. The Governor-General of Joseon, the Prime Minister of Japan, and the military all responded immediately. However, both the ruling and opposition parties, including the Ministry of the Treasure, expressed disapproval, citing economic and political burdens. In the end, Joseon’s ‘Military Preparation Enhancement’ was not realized, and it only sought to strengthen security. On the one hand, there was a lot of criticism leveled at this movement. This pointed out the militaristic nature of the movement, and it was feared that this would hurt colonial rule. Conversely, there were instances of defending and rationalizing the militaristic nature of the ‘Military Preparation Enhancement’ movement. However, the voices of ordinary Koreans were largely excluded from public opinion. While the guise of Joseon’s ‘voluntary’ movement was established, the opinions of the Korean were subject to seizure and censorship. While providing an opportunity for the 'Military Preparation Enhancement' movement and pursuing the formation of militaristic public opinion, the colonial power actively excluded the Korean voices from ‘Joseon.’
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- "１個師団の朝鮮移駐 先ず兵営新設費を来年度予算に計上", 朝日新聞, ~ (1928)
- "朝鮮の増兵には賛成できぬ むしろ軍事費節減の時と、財務当局の主張", 朝日新聞, ~ (1928)
- "移駐なら兎も角増師には反對: 朝鮮警備問題に對する與黨方面の意向", 朝日新聞, ~ (1928)
- "朝鮮への増兵は時代の逆行 民政党は絶対反対", 朝日新聞, ~ (1928)
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- "朝鮮軍充實計畫, 財源難で遂に斷念", 朝鮮新聞, ~ (1928)
- "朝鮮軍充實計劃", 中外日報, ~ (1928)
- "朝鮮の兵備充實, 陸軍の要路に陳情", 朝鮮新聞, ~ (1928)
- "朝鮮軍充實行委員, 活躍", 朝鮮新聞, ~ (1928)
- "渡邊會頭ら軍充實行委員民政黨訪問", 朝鮮時報, ~ (1928)
- "朝鮮の兵備充實, 首相へ陳情", 朝鮮新聞, ~ (1928)
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- "상의(商議)의 준동(蠢動)은 근본사명 위배라고 비난의 성(聲) 대두", 中外日報, ~ (1928)
- "朝鮮の軍備充實に就いて", 京城日報, ~ (1928)
- "朝鮮の軍備充實に就いて", 京城日報, ~ (1928)
- "조선증병문제", 동아일보, ~ (1928)
- "조선의 군비확장설", 동아일보, ~ (1928)
- "평양만필: 춘래불사춘", 동아일보, ~ (1928)
- "일제시대 민족지 압수기사모음", ~
- "春ハ來レトモ春ニ似ス", 경성지방법원 검사국 문서, ~