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코로나19 상황에서 팩트체크 뉴스의 품질이 뉴스의 상호작용과 팩트체크 효과에 미치는 영향

Examining the impact of fact-check news quality on news engagement and fact-checking of COVID-19 misinformation

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주제분류신문방송학

초록

이 연구는 코로나 19 팬데믹 상황에서 팩트체크 뉴스의 품질이 뉴스의 상호작용 및 팩트체크 효과에 미치는 영향을 분석했다. 코로나19와 관련된 다양한 오정보를 정정하기 위해 보도된 189개의 팩트체크 뉴스 기사의 품질을 내용 분석을 통해 평가하고, 각 품질 요인이 댓글, 좋아요, 공유, 추천 등의 상호작용 횟수에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 뉴스 기사의 상호작용 지표가 오정보의 팩트체크에미치는 영향을 검증했다. 내용 분석 데이터, 네이버 뉴스의 상호작용 지표 데이터, 설문조사 데이터를 수집하고, 다층 회귀분석을 활용해 이를 분석했다. 연구 결과, 팩트체크의 품질 요인 중 통계수치의 사용과 선정적 헤드라인 사용이 팩트체크 뉴스의 댓글 수와 추천 수, 좋아요 수를 증가시키고, 이 중 댓글 수와 추천 수의 증가가 팩트체크 효과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 댓글 수가 증가하면 오정보에 대한 인지된 정확성이 낮아졌으나, 추천 수가 증가하면 오정보에 대한 인지된 정확성이 높아졌다. 이러한 결과는 뉴스의 품질 뿐만 아니라 뉴스 기사에 대한 상호작용이 팩트체크 효과에 영향을 미치므로 온라인 뉴스 플랫폼에서 제공하는 상호작용 지표들의 기능과 의미에 대한 심층적인 검토가 필요함을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study examined the impact of fact-check news quality on the news engagement and fact-checking effectiveness of the news during the COVID-19 pandemic. The quality of 189 news articles fact-checking various misinformation related to COVID-19 was assessed through content analysis. The study examined how each quality factor influenced engagement metrics such as comments, likes, shares, and recommendations and verified how those engagement metrics affected the fact-checking of misinformation. Content analysis data, engagement metrics data of Naver News, and survey data were collected and analyzed using multilevel regression analysis. The results indicated that the use of statistical figures and the use of sensational headlines among the quality factors positively associated with the number of comments, recommendations, and likes on fact-check news articles. Moreover, the increase in the number of comments had a negative association with perceived accuracy of misinformation, while the increase in the number of recommendations had a positive association. These findings emphasize the importance not only of news quality but also of user engagement with the news in influencing the effectiveness of fact-checking. It suggests the need for an in-depth examination of the functions and meanings behind the engagement metrics provided by online news platforms.

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