‘사회적 시간’의 고고학적 연구 - 한국 청동기시대 농경사회로의 전환을 바라보는 또 하나의 시각
The Archaeological Exploration of Social Time - Towards a New Perspective on the Transition to Farming Society in the Korean Bronze Age
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본고에서는 과거의 ‘사회적 시간’에 관한 고고학적 연구의 방법과그 해석적 가능성을 타진하고 있다. ‘사회적 시간’ 개념에 주목하는 것은 시간을 ‘사회적으로 구성된 것’으로 받아들일 경우, 과거의 시간 인식은 과거 사회를 이해하는 데 하나의 중요한 요소로 활용될 수 있기때문이다. 고고학 분야에서 그간 진행된 시간 관련 연구를 보면 시간이왜 그리고 어떻게 ‘사회적 산물’인지에 관한 논의가 미진했음을 알 수있다. 이에 본고에서는 우선 ‘사회적 시간’ 개념의 확립에 기여한 담론과 실증적 사례연구를 검토함으로써 시간이 ‘사회적인 것’임을 명백히보여주었다. 아울러 인류학 분야 등에서 진행된 기존의 사례연구들을참고하여 과거의 ‘사회적 시간’에 대한 고고학적 연구의 방법론을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 한반도 신석기시대 수렵-채집사회에서 청동기시대농경사회로의 전환이 시간 체계의 변화를 가져왔을 가능성에 대해 탐색함으로써, ‘사회적 시간’에 관한 고고학적 연구가 한국 청동기시대농경사회로의 전환 논의에 기여할 수 있는 바를 타진하였다.
Abstract
This paper considers possible ways in which the archaeological study of the ‘social time’ of past societies may take place. Focus is placed upon the notion of ‘social time’ because if it is acknowledged that ‘time is socially constructed’, then time may come to be regarded as an important element in understanding past societies. An examination of previous archaeological studies involving time reveals that the notion of ‘time as social’ was accepted as a given without further investigations into why it may be regarded as such. Therefore, the discourse on social time that was undertaken within the disciplines of anthropology and sociology is reviewed. In addition, anthropological and sociological case studies on social time are examined and used as heuristic devices in formulating a methodology for the archaeological study of social time. Finally, possible changes in time reckoning systems that may have occurred as a result of the transition from a hunter-gatherer to farming society are explored in order to demonstrate how the study of social time may contribute to the broader discourse on the transition to farming society in Bronze Age Korea.
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