고대국가 형성 초기에 이루어진 치수사업과 그 내용

Abstract

In this study, we establish clearly the concept and contents of the Chisu project, which was performed after a direct order from Cheon (天) in East Asia in the early ancient era. The Chisu is generally understood as a kind of water management. However, we observe through analytical survey of ancient historical literatures that the Chisu was composed of many projects in social and political fields. According to Seokyung (書經) and Saki (史記), the Chisu project included settlement building, such as water resource management, administrative district reorganization, the construction of a transportation system, land grading, and the formation of a tax system. The most typical example of the Chisu is the Nine Provinces (九州), the result of administrative district reorganization in ancient China called Cheonha (天下). In order to levy taxes on land, they legislated norms for land grading and the tax system. Moreover, the Nine Provinces were split into five subordinate sections for more effective governmental control over the people and land. All of the above were the results of the Chisu. Based on this study, we can redefine the Chisu as a large-scale national policy project performed in the areas of Cheonha by the order of Cheon in order to establish governmental control. An accurate understanding of the Chisu, therefore, should be the initial basis of ancient historical, cultural, and civilization research.