요하문명, 홍산문화 지역의 지리적 기후적 조건

Abstract

Geographically, Liaohe(遼河) valley is a basin that is surrounded by many highlands. At this time, the south part of the middle reaches of Liaohe valley is turn into a desert named ‘Karachin Desert’. But the climatic conditions of Liaohe valley is very different from nowadays. In this paper I research the climatic conditions of Liaohe valley from 10000 B.P. to present. Hongshan Culture (B.C. 4500 - B.C. 3000) is the flower of Liaohe Civilization. In Hongshan Culture period the south part of Lioaning province was very different from nowadays. (1) The climate was a moist climate, (2) the see level was about 10-13m higher than nowadays, (3) and the annual average temperature was about 13℃, that is to say about 4℃ higher than nowadays. So in Hongshan Culture period the south part of Lioaning province has a very good conditions to live. Liaohe Civillization and Hongshan Culture was successfully flourished in this climatic conditions. But in the end of Hongshan Culture(B.C. 3000) the climate was changed dramatically from a moist climate to semi-moist and semi-arid climate. Around this period Hongshan Culture was disappeared.